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Home > Products > 198 111

GAD2 (GAD65) antibody - 198 111

GAD1 and 2 are involved in the synthesis of GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter
Mouse monoclonal purified IgG
Cat. No.: 198 111
Amount: 100 µg
Price: $415.00
Cat. No. 198 111 100 µg purified IgG, lyophilized. Albumin and azide were added for stabilization. For reconstitution add 100 µl H2O to get a 1mg/ml solution in PBS. Then aliquot and store at -20°C to -80°C until use.
Antibodies should be stored at +4°C when still lyophilized. Do not freeze!
Applications
 
WB: 1 : 1000 (AP staining) (see remarks) gallery  
IP: yes
ICC: 1 : 500 gallery  
IHC: 1 : 200 up to 1 : 500 gallery  
IHC-P: not tested yet
ELISA: yes (see remarks)

Western blot (WB); separation of proteins by PAGE and subsequent transfer to a membrane. Detection of target molecules is carried out with antibodies. Some antibodies require special sample preparation steps. For details, please refer to the “Remarks” section.

Immunoprecipitation (IP); Immunoisolation or pulldown of a target molecule using an antibody. For details and product specific hints, please refer to the ”Remarks” section.

Immunocytochemistry (ICC) on 4% PFA fixed cells. Immunoreactivity is usually revealed by fluorescence. Some antibodies require special fixation methods. For details, please refer to the “Remarks” section.

Immunohistochemistry (IHC) on 4% PFA perfusion fixed tissue with 24h PFA post fixation. Immunoreactivity is usually revealed by fluorescence or a chromogenic substrate. Some antibodies require special fixation methods or antigen retrieval steps. For details, please refer to the ”Remarks” section.

Immunohistochemistry (IHC-P) of formalin fixed, paraffin embedded (FFPE) tissue (some antibodies require special antigen retrieval steps, please refer to the ”Remarks” section). Immunoreactivity is usually revealed by fluorescence or a chromogenic substrate.

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA); a frequently employed method to quantify target-molecules in solution. The detection of some proteins requires special solubilization steps. For further information, please refer to the „Remarks“ section.
Clone 26H1D1
Subtype IgG3 (κ light chain)
Immunogen Recombinant protein corresponding to AA 3 to 96 from mouse GAD2 (UniProt Id: P48320)
Epitop AA 3 to 17 from mouse GAD2 (UniProt Id: P48320)
Reactivity Reacts with: rat (Q05683), mouse (P48320).
Other species not tested yet.
Specificity Specific for GAD 2 / GAD 65
Matching control protein/peptide 198-1P
Remarks

WB: This antibody is less sensitive than the rabbit antibody cat. no. 198 102.
ELISA: Suitable as capture antibody for sandwich-ELISA with cat. no. 198 103 as detector antibody. The ELISA-protocol for membrane proteins is recommended.
Data sheet 198_111.pdf

References for GAD2 - 198 111

ASCL1- and DLX2-induced GABAergic neurons from hiPSC-derived NPCs.
Barretto N, Zhang H, Powell SK, Fernando MB, Zhang S, Flaherty EK, Ho SM, Slesinger PA, Duan J, Brennand KJ
Journal of neuroscience methods (2020) 334: 108548. 198 111 ICC; tested species: human
Cardiolipin exposure on the outer mitochondrial membrane modulates α-synuclein.
Ryan T, Bamm VV, Stykel MG, Coackley CL, Humphries KM, Jamieson-Williams R, Ambasudhan R, Mosser DD, Lipton SA, Harauz G, Ryan SD, et al.
Nature communications (2018) 91: 817. 198 111 ICC; tested species: human
ELKS controls the pool of readily releasable vesicles at excitatory synapses through its N-terminal coiled-coil domains.
Held RG, Liu C, Kaeser PS
eLife (2016) 5: . 198 111 ICC
Electrical Responses and Spontaneous Activity of Human iPS-Derived Neuronal Networks Characterized for 3-month Culture with 4096-Electrode Arrays.
Amin H, Maccione A, Marinaro F, Zordan S, Nieus T, Berdondini L
Frontiers in neuroscience (2016) 10: 121. 198 111 ICC; tested species: human
An E3-ligase-based method for ablating inhibitory synapses.
Gross GG, Straub C, Perez-Sanchez J, Dempsey WP, Junge JA, Roberts RW, Trinh le A, Fraser SE, De Koninck Y, De Koninck P, Sabatini BL, et al.
Nature methods (2016) 138: 673-8. 198 111 ICC; tested species: mouse
Vesicular glutamate transporter 1 orchestrates recruitment of other synaptic vesicle cargo proteins during synaptic vesicle recycling.
Pan PY, Marrs J, Ryan TA
The Journal of biological chemistry (2015) 29037: 22593-601. 198 111 ICC
Evaluation of established human iPSC-derived neurons to model neurodegenerative diseases.
Meneghello G, Verheyen A, Van Ingen M, Kuijlaars J, Tuefferd M, Van Den Wyngaert I, Nuydens R
Neuroscience (2015) 301: 204-12. 198 111 ICC; tested species: human
The active zone protein family ELKS supports Ca2+ influx at nerve terminals of inhibitory hippocampal neurons.
Liu C, Bickford LS, Held RG, Nyitrai H, Südhof TC, Kaeser PS
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience (2014) 3437: 12289-303. 198 111 ICC
Immunocytochemical identification of electroneutral Na⁺-coupled HCO₃⁻ transporters in freshly dissociated mouse medullary raphé neurons.
Coley AA, Ruffin VA, Moss FJ, Hopfer U, Boron WF
Neuroscience (2013) 246: 451-67. 198 111 ICC; tested species: mouse
Neural progenitors derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells survive and differentiate upon transplantation into a rat model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Popescu IR, Nicaise C, Liu S, Bisch G, Knippenberg S, Daubie V, Bohl D, Pochet R
Stem cells translational medicine (2013) 23: 167-74. 198 111 ICC; tested species: human
Spatial proteomics in neurons at single-protein resolution.
Unterauer EM, Shetab Boushehri S, Jevdokimenko K, Masullo LA, Ganji M, Sograte-Idrissi S, Kowalewski R, Strauss S, Reinhardt SCM, Perovic A, Marr C, et al.
Cell (2024) 1877: 1785-1800.e16. 198 111 DNA-PAINT; tested species: rat
Cat. No.: 198 111
Amount: 100 µg
Price: $415.00
ASCL1- and DLX2-induced GABAergic neurons from hiPSC-derived NPCs.
Barretto N, Zhang H, Powell SK, Fernando MB, Zhang S, Flaherty EK, Ho SM, Slesinger PA, Duan J, Brennand KJ
Journal of neuroscience methods (2020) 334: 108548. 198 111 ICC; tested species: human
Cardiolipin exposure on the outer mitochondrial membrane modulates α-synuclein.
Ryan T, Bamm VV, Stykel MG, Coackley CL, Humphries KM, Jamieson-Williams R, Ambasudhan R, Mosser DD, Lipton SA, Harauz G, Ryan SD, et al.
Nature communications (2018) 91: 817. 198 111 ICC; tested species: human
ELKS controls the pool of readily releasable vesicles at excitatory synapses through its N-terminal coiled-coil domains.
Held RG, Liu C, Kaeser PS
eLife (2016) 5: . 198 111 ICC
Electrical Responses and Spontaneous Activity of Human iPS-Derived Neuronal Networks Characterized for 3-month Culture with 4096-Electrode Arrays.
Amin H, Maccione A, Marinaro F, Zordan S, Nieus T, Berdondini L
Frontiers in neuroscience (2016) 10: 121. 198 111 ICC; tested species: human
An E3-ligase-based method for ablating inhibitory synapses.
Gross GG, Straub C, Perez-Sanchez J, Dempsey WP, Junge JA, Roberts RW, Trinh le A, Fraser SE, De Koninck Y, De Koninck P, Sabatini BL, et al.
Nature methods (2016) 138: 673-8. 198 111 ICC; tested species: mouse
Vesicular glutamate transporter 1 orchestrates recruitment of other synaptic vesicle cargo proteins during synaptic vesicle recycling.
Pan PY, Marrs J, Ryan TA
The Journal of biological chemistry (2015) 29037: 22593-601. 198 111 ICC
Evaluation of established human iPSC-derived neurons to model neurodegenerative diseases.
Meneghello G, Verheyen A, Van Ingen M, Kuijlaars J, Tuefferd M, Van Den Wyngaert I, Nuydens R
Neuroscience (2015) 301: 204-12. 198 111 ICC; tested species: human
The active zone protein family ELKS supports Ca2+ influx at nerve terminals of inhibitory hippocampal neurons.
Liu C, Bickford LS, Held RG, Nyitrai H, Südhof TC, Kaeser PS
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience (2014) 3437: 12289-303. 198 111 ICC
Immunocytochemical identification of electroneutral Na⁺-coupled HCO₃⁻ transporters in freshly dissociated mouse medullary raphé neurons.
Coley AA, Ruffin VA, Moss FJ, Hopfer U, Boron WF
Neuroscience (2013) 246: 451-67. 198 111 ICC; tested species: mouse
Neural progenitors derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells survive and differentiate upon transplantation into a rat model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Popescu IR, Nicaise C, Liu S, Bisch G, Knippenberg S, Daubie V, Bohl D, Pochet R
Stem cells translational medicine (2013) 23: 167-74. 198 111 ICC; tested species: human
Spatial proteomics in neurons at single-protein resolution.
Unterauer EM, Shetab Boushehri S, Jevdokimenko K, Masullo LA, Ganji M, Sograte-Idrissi S, Kowalewski R, Strauss S, Reinhardt SCM, Perovic A, Marr C, et al.
Cell (2024) 1877: 1785-1800.e16. 198 111 DNA-PAINT; tested species: rat
WB
ICC
IHC
IHC
Background

The glutamic acid decarboxylases GAD 2, also referred to as GAD 65, and GAD 1 / GAD 67 synthesize γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. The hydrophilic GAD 1 can heterodimerize with the membrane achored GAD 2 and part of GAD 1 is targeted to inhibitory nerve terminals by this mechanisms. Although both proteins exhibit significant differences in their N-terminus they share high homology in the rest of the molecule.
GADs are a widely used markers for the GABAergic system. In type 1 diabetes GAD 1 has been identified as a major autoantigen.
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