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VGLUT2 antibody - 135 403

VGluT2 is a glutamate transporter in the membrane of synaptic vesicles
Rabbit polyclonal purified antibody
Cat. No.: 135 403
Amount: 50 µg
Price: $465.00
Cat. No. 135 403 50 µg specific antibody, lyophilized. Affinity purified with the immunogen. Albumin and azide were added for stabilization. For reconstitution add 50 µl H2O to get a 1mg/ml solution in PBS. Then aliquot and store at -20°C to -80°C until use.
Antibodies should be stored at +4°C when still lyophilized. Do not freeze!
Applications
 
WB: 1 : 1000 up to 1 : 10000 (AP staining) (see remarks) gallery  
IP: yes
ICC: 1 : 500 gallery  
IHC: 1 : 250 up to 1 : 1000 gallery  
IHC-P: 1 : 500 gallery  
ELISA: yes (see remarks)
Immunogen Synthetic peptide corresponding to residues near the carboxy terminus of rat VGLUT2 (UniProt Id: Q9JI12)
Reactivity Reacts with: human (Q9P2U8), rat (Q9JI12), mouse (Q8BLE7), chicken.
Other species not tested yet.
Matching control protein/peptide 135-4P
Remarks

This antibody is highly recommended as a marker for glutamatergic nerve terminals.
WB:  VGLUT 2 aggregates after boiling, making it necessary to run SDS-PAGE with non-boiled samples.
ELISA: Suitable as detector antibody for sandwich-ELISA with cat. no. 135 411 as capture antibody. The ELISA-protocol for membrane proteins is recommended.

Data sheet 135_403.pdf

References for VGLUT2 - 135 403

GABAergic/Glycinergic and Glutamatergic Neurons Mediate Distinct Neurodevelopmental Phenotypes of STXBP1 Encephalopathy.
Kim JH, Chen W, Chao ES, Rivera A, Kaku HN, Jiang K, Lee D, Chen H, Vega JM, Chin TV, Jin K, et al.
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience (2024) 4414: . 135 403 WB; tested species: mouse
SLC13A5/sodium-citrate co-transporter overexpression causes disrupted white matter integrity and an autistic-like phenotype.
Rigby MJ, Orefice NS, Lawton AJ, Ma M, Shapiro SL, Yi SY, Dieterich IA, Frelka A, Miles HN, Pearce RA, Yu JPJ, et al.
Brain communications (2022) 41: fcac002. 135 403 WB, ICC; tested species: mouse
Cerebellar developmental deficits underlie neurodegenerative disorder spinocerebellar ataxia type 23.
Smeets CJLM, Ma KY, Fisher SE, Verbeek DS
Brain pathology (Zurich, Switzerland) (2021) 312: 239-252. 135 403 WB, IHC; tested species: mouse
Neuroligin 1, 2, and 3 Regulation at the Synapse: FMRP-Dependent Translation and Activity-Induced Proteolytic Cleavage.
Chmielewska JJ, Kuzniewska B, Milek J, Urbanska K, Dziembowska M
Molecular neurobiology (2018) : . 135 403 WB; tested species: mouse
SNARE Complex-associated Proteins in the Lateral Amygdala of Macaca mullatta Following Long-term Ethanol Drinking.
Alexander NJ, Rau AR, Jimenez VA, Daunais JB, Grant KA, McCool BA
Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research (2018) : . 135 403 WB; tested species: monkey
Vesicular glutamate transporters play a role in neuronal differentiation of cultured SVZ-derived neural precursor cells.
Sánchez-Mendoza EH, Bellver-Landete V, Arce C, Doeppner TR, Hermann DM, Oset-Gasque MJ
PloS one (2017) 125: e0177069. 135 403 WB, ICC
Protein Markers of Neurotransmitter Synthesis and Release in Postmortem Schizophrenia Substantia Nigra.
Schoonover KE, McCollum LA, Roberts RC
Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology (2017) 422: 540-550. 135 403 WB; tested species: human
Reorganization of Synaptic Connections and Perineuronal Nets in the Deep Cerebellar Nuclei of Purkinje Cell Degeneration Mutant Mice.
Blosa M, Bursch C, Weigel S, Holzer M, Jäger C, Janke C, Matthews RT, Arendt T, Morawski M
Neural plasticity (2016) 2016: 2828536. 135 403 WB; tested species: mouse
Uncovering the role of the nucleus accumbens in schizophrenia: A postmortem analysis of tyrosine hydroxylase and vesicular glutamate transporters.
McCollum LA, Roberts RC
Schizophrenia research (2015) 1691-3: 369-373. 135 403 WB; tested species: human
Cerebellar synaptogenesis is compromised in mouse models of DYT1 dystonia.
Vanni V, Puglisi F, Bonsi P, Ponterio G, Maltese M, Pisani A, Mandolesi G
Experimental neurology (2015) 271: 457-67. 135 403 WB, IHC; tested species: mouse
Elevated mutant dynorphin A causes Purkinje cell loss and motor dysfunction in spinocerebellar ataxia type 23.
Smeets CJ, Jezierska J, Watanabe H, Duarri A, Fokkens MR, Meijer M, Zhou Q, Yakovleva T, Boddeke E, den Dunnen W, van Deursen J, et al.
Brain : a journal of neurology (2015) 138Pt 9: 2537-52. 135 403 WB, IHC
Distribution of SNAP25, VAMP1 and VAMP2 in mature and developing deep cerebellar nuclei after estrogen administration.
Manca P, Mameli O, Caria MA, Torrejón-Escribano B, Blasi J
Neuroscience (2014) 266: 102-15. 135 403 IHC, WB
Differential association of postsynaptic signaling protein complexes in striatum and hippocampus.
Baucum AJ, Brown AM, Colbran RJ
Journal of neurochemistry (2013) 1244: 490-501. 135 403 WB; tested species: mouse
Target-derived matricryptins organize cerebellar synapse formation through α3β1 integrins.
Su J, Stenbjorn RS, Gorse K, Su K, Hauser KF, Ricard-Blum S, Pihlajaniemi T, Fox MA
Cell reports (2012) 22: 223-30. 135 403 WB, ICC, IHC; tested species: mouse
Transient focal cerebral ischemia significantly alters not only EAATs but also VGLUTs expression in rats: relevance of changes in reactive astroglia.
Sánchez-Mendoza E, Burguete MC, Castelló-Ruiz M, González MP, Roncero C, Salom JB, Arce C, Cañadas S, Torregrosa G, Alborch E, Oset-Gasque MJ, et al.
Journal of neurochemistry (2010) 1135: 1343-55. 135 403 IHC, WB; tested species: rat
Unique luminal localization of VGAT-C terminus allows for selective labeling of active cortical GABAergic synapses.
Martens H, Weston MC, Boulland JL, Grønborg M, Grosche J, Kacza J, Hoffmann A, Matteoli M, Takamori S, Harkany T, Chaudhry FA, et al.
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience (2008) 2849: 13125-31. 135 403 WB; tested species: rat
Synaptic and vesicular co-localization of the glutamate transporters VGLUT1 and VGLUT2 in the mouse hippocampus.
Herzog E, Takamori S, Jahn R, Brose N, Wojcik SM
Journal of neurochemistry (2006) 993: 1011-8. 135 403 IHC, IP, WB; tested species: mouse
An essential role for vesicular glutamate transporter 1 (VGLUT1) in postnatal development and control of quantal size.
Wojcik SM, Rhee JS, Herzog E, Sigler A, Jahn R, Takamori S, Brose N, Rosenmund C
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (2004) 10118: 7158-63. 135 403 ICC, WB, IHC; tested species: mouse
Generation and Characterization of Anti-VGLUT Nanobodies Acting as Inhibitors of Transport.
Schenck S, Kunz L, Sahlender D, Pardon E, Geertsma ER, Savtchouk I, Suzuki T, Neldner Y, Štefanić S, Steyaert J, Volterra A, et al.
Biochemistry (2017) 5630: 3962-3971. 135 403 IP; tested species: rat
Synaptic and vesicular co-localization of the glutamate transporters VGLUT1 and VGLUT2 in the mouse hippocampus.
Herzog E, Takamori S, Jahn R, Brose N, Wojcik SM
Journal of neurochemistry (2006) 993: 1011-8. 135 403 IHC, IP, WB; tested species: mouse
Generation of self-organized autonomic ganglion organoids from fibroblasts.
Liu S, Xiang K, Yuan F, Xiang M
iScience (2023) 263: 106241. 135 403 ICC; tested species: mouse
SLC13A5/sodium-citrate co-transporter overexpression causes disrupted white matter integrity and an autistic-like phenotype.
Rigby MJ, Orefice NS, Lawton AJ, Ma M, Shapiro SL, Yi SY, Dieterich IA, Frelka A, Miles HN, Pearce RA, Yu JPJ, et al.
Brain communications (2022) 41: fcac002. 135 403 WB, ICC; tested species: mouse
VGLUT2 Is a Determinant of Dopamine Neuron Resilience in a Rotenone Model of Dopamine Neurodegeneration.
Buck SA, De Miranda BR, Logan RW, Fish KN, Greenamyre JT, Freyberg Z
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience (2021) 4122: 4937-4947. 135 403 ICC; tested species: rat
Opposite Control of Excitatory and Inhibitory Synapse Formation by Slitrk2 and Slitrk5 on Dopamine Neurons Modulates Hyperactivity Behavior.
Salesse C, Charest J, Doucet-Beaupré H, Castonguay AM, Labrecque S, De Koninck P, Lévesque M
Cell reports (2020) 307: 2374-2386.e5. 135 403 ICC; tested species: mouse
Rapid generation of regionally specified CNS neurons by sequential patterning and conversion of human induced pluripotent stem cells.
Chen M, Maimaitili M, Habekost M, Gill KP, Mermet-Joret N, Nabavi S, Febbraro F, Denham M
Stem cell research (2020) 48: 101945. 135 403 ICC; tested species: human
Genetically Engineered iPSC-Derived FTDP-17 MAPT Neurons Display Mutation-Specific Neurodegenerative and Neurodevelopmental Phenotypes.
Verheyen A, Diels A, Reumers J, Van Hoorde K, Van den Wyngaert I, van Outryve d'Ydewalle C, De Bondt A, Kuijlaars J, De Muynck L, De Hoogt R, Bretteville A, et al.
Stem cell reports (2018) : . 135 403 ICC; tested species: human
Vesicular glutamate transporters play a role in neuronal differentiation of cultured SVZ-derived neural precursor cells.
Sánchez-Mendoza EH, Bellver-Landete V, Arce C, Doeppner TR, Hermann DM, Oset-Gasque MJ
PloS one (2017) 125: e0177069. 135 403 WB, ICC
Bicistronic CACNA1A Gene Expression in Neurons Derived from Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 6 Patient-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells.
Bavassano C, Eigentler A, Stanika R, Obermair GJ, Boesch S, Dechant G, Nat R
Stem cells and development (2017) 2622: 1612-1625. 135 403 ICC; tested species: human
Altered Developmental Expression of the Astrocyte-Secreted Factors Hevin and SPARC in the Fragile X Mouse Model.
Wallingford J, Scott AL, Rodrigues K, Doering LC
Frontiers in molecular neuroscience (2017) 10: 268. 135 403 ICC; tested species: mouse
Spontaneous Neurotransmitter Release Shapes Dendritic Arbors via Long-Range Activation of NMDA Receptors.
Andreae LC, Burrone J
Cell reports (2015) : . 135 403 ICC
Borna disease virus phosphoprotein impairs the developmental program controlling neurogenesis and reduces human GABAergic neurogenesis.
Scordel C, Huttin A, Cochet-Bernoin M, Szelechowski M, Poulet A, Richardson J, Benchoua A, Gonzalez-Dunia D, Eloit M, Coulpier M
PLoS pathogens (2015) 114: e1004859. 135 403 ICC
Evaluation of established human iPSC-derived neurons to model neurodegenerative diseases.
Meneghello G, Verheyen A, Van Ingen M, Kuijlaars J, Tuefferd M, Van Den Wyngaert I, Nuydens R
Neuroscience (2015) 301: 204-12. 135 403 ICC; tested species: human
Neural progenitors derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells survive and differentiate upon transplantation into a rat model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Popescu IR, Nicaise C, Liu S, Bisch G, Knippenberg S, Daubie V, Bohl D, Pochet R
Stem cells translational medicine (2013) 23: 167-74. 135 403 ICC; tested species: human
Target-derived matricryptins organize cerebellar synapse formation through α3β1 integrins.
Su J, Stenbjorn RS, Gorse K, Su K, Hauser KF, Ricard-Blum S, Pihlajaniemi T, Fox MA
Cell reports (2012) 22: 223-30. 135 403 WB, ICC, IHC; tested species: mouse
An essential role for vesicular glutamate transporter 1 (VGLUT1) in postnatal development and control of quantal size.
Wojcik SM, Rhee JS, Herzog E, Sigler A, Jahn R, Takamori S, Brose N, Rosenmund C
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (2004) 10118: 7158-63. 135 403 ICC, WB, IHC; tested species: mouse
[A case from practice (164). Acute unilateral vestibular deficit on the left].
Ludwig-Hagemann R
Schweizerische Rundschau fur Medizin Praxis = Revue suisse de medecine Praxis (1990) 7910: 303-4. 135 403 ICC; tested species: rat
Spatiotemporal Mapping and Molecular Basis of Whole-brain Circuit Maturation.
Xue J, Brawner AT, Thompson JR, Yelhekar TD, Newmaster KT, Qiu Q, Cooper YA, Yu CR, Ahmed-Braima YH, Kim Y, Lin Y, et al.
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology (2024) : . 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
A brainstem-hypothalamus neuronal circuit reduces feeding upon heat exposure.
Benevento M, Alpár A, Gundacker A, Afjehi L, Balueva K, Hevesi Z, Hanics J, Rehman S, Pollak DD, Lubec G, Wulff P, et al.
Nature (2024) : . 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
Higher-order thalamocortical circuits are specified by embryonic cortical progenitor types in the mouse brain.
Buchan MJ, Gothard G, Mahfooz K, van Rheede JJ, Avery SV, Vourvoukelis A, Demby A, Ellender TJ, Newey SE, Akerman CJ
Cell reports (2024) 435: 114157. 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
Coordinating brain-distributed network activities in memory resistant to extinction.
Clarke-Williams CJ, Lopes-Dos-Santos V, Lefèvre L, Brizee D, Causse AA, Rothaermel R, Hartwich K, Perestenko PV, Toth R, McNamara CG, Sharott A, et al.
Cell (2024) 1872: 409-427.e19. 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
Activation of the CA2-ventral CA1 pathway reverses social discrimination dysfunction in Shank3B knockout mice.
Cope EC, Wang SH, Waters RC, Gore IR, Vasquez B, Laham BJ, Gould E
Nature communications (2023) 141: 1750. 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
A Selective Projection from the Subthalamic Nucleus to Parvalbumin-Expressing Interneurons of the Striatum.
Kondabolu K, Doig NM, Ayeko O, Khan B, Torres A, Calvigioni D, Meletis K, Koós T, Magill PJ
eNeuro (2023) 107: . 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
Axonal mRNA binding of hnRNP A/B is crucial for axon targeting and maturation of olfactory sensory neurons.
Fukuda N, Fukuda T, Percipalle P, Oda K, Takei N, Czaplinski K, Touhara K, Yoshihara Y, Sasaoka T
Cell reports (2023) 425: 112398. 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
Presynaptic GABAB receptors inhibit vomeronasal nerve transmission to accessory olfactory bulb mitral cells.
Weiss J, Zufall F
Frontiers in cellular neuroscience (2023) 17: 1302955. 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
GABAergic-like dopamine synapses in the brain.
Kim HJ, Hwang B, Reva M, Lee J, Lee BE, Lee Y, Cho EJ, Jeong M, Lee SE, Myung K, Baik JH, et al.
Cell reports (2023) 4210: 113239. 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
Postnatal development of hippocampal CA2 structure and function during the emergence of social recognition of peers.
Diethorn EJ, Gould E
Hippocampus (2023) 333: 208-222. 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
Disruption of VGLUT1 in Cholinergic Medial Habenula Projections Increases Nicotine Self-Administration.
Souter EA, Chen YC, Zell V, Lallai V, Steinkellner T, Conrad WS, Wisden W, Harris KD, Fowler CD, Hnasko TS
eNeuro (2022) 91: . 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
Dendritic Inhibition by Shh Signaling-Dependent Stellate Cell Pool Is Critical for Motor Learning.
Li W, Chen L, Fleming JT, Brignola E, Zavalin K, Lagrange A, Rex T, Heiney SA, Wojaczynski GJ, Medina JF, Chiang C, et al.
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience (2022) 4226: 5130-5143. 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
Neurotransmitter phenotype switching by spinal excitatory interneurons regulates locomotor recovery after spinal cord injury.
Bertels H, Vicente-Ortiz G, El Kanbi K, Takeoka A
Nature neuroscience (2022) 255: 617-629. 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
A Brain-Penetrant Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase Inhibitor Reverses α-Synuclein Toxicity.
Nuber S, Chung CY, Tardiff DF, Bechade PA, McCaffery TD, Shimanaka K, Choi J, Chang B, Raja W, Neve E, Burke C, et al.
Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics (2022) : . 135 403 IHC; tested species: human
Cortical layer-specific differences in stimulus selectivity revealed with high-field fMRI and single-vessel resolution optical imaging of the primary visual cortex.
Cho S, Roy A, Liu CJ, Idiyatullin D, Zhu W, Zhang Y, Zhu XH, O'Herron P, Leikvoll A, Chen W, Kara P, et al.
NeuroImage (2022) 251: 118978. 135 403 IHC
Kv3 channels contribute to the excitability of sub-populations of spinal cord neurons in lamina VII.
Mullen P, Pilati N, Large CH, Deuchars J, Deuchars S
eNeuro (2022) : . 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
Noise Exposure Alters Glutamatergic and GABAergic Synaptic Connectivity in the Hippocampus and Its Relevance to Tinnitus.
Zhang L, Wu C, Martel DT, West M, Sutton MA, Shore SE
Neural plasticity (2021) 2021: 8833087. 135 403 IHC
Peculiar protrusions along tanycyte processes face diverse neural and nonneural cell types in the hypothalamic parenchyma.
Pasquettaz R, Kolotuev I, Rohrbach A, Gouelle C, Pellerin L, Langlet F
The Journal of comparative neurology (2021) 5293: 553-575. 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
Newborn mice form lasting CA2-dependent memories of their mothers.
Laham BJ, Diethorn EJ, Gould E
Cell reports (2021) 344: 108668. 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
Mitochondrial biogenesis in developing astrocytes regulates astrocyte maturation and synapse formation.
Zehnder T, Petrelli F, Romanos J, De Oliveira Figueiredo EC, Lewis TL, Déglon N, Polleux F, Santello M, Bezzi P
Cell reports (2021) 352: 108952. 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
Maturation of Purkinje cell firing properties relies on neurogenesis of excitatory neurons.
van der Heijden ME, Lackey EP, Perez R, Ișleyen FS, Brown AM, Donofrio SG, Lin T, Zoghbi HY, Sillitoe RV
eLife (2021) 10: . 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
Morphological assessment of GABA and glutamate inputs to GnRH neurons in intact female mice using expansion microscopy.
Yeo SH, Herde MK, Herbison AE
Journal of neuroendocrinology (2021) 339: e13021. 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
Cerebellar developmental deficits underlie neurodegenerative disorder spinocerebellar ataxia type 23.
Smeets CJLM, Ma KY, Fisher SE, Verbeek DS
Brain pathology (Zurich, Switzerland) (2021) 312: 239-252. 135 403 WB, IHC; tested species: mouse
Neuronal and Synaptic Plasticity in the Visual Thalamus in Mouse Models of Glaucoma.
Van Hook MJ, Monaco C, Bierlein ER, Smith JC
Frontiers in cellular neuroscience (2020) 14: 626056. 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
Orientation Preference Maps in Microcebus murinus Reveal Size-Invariant Design Principles in Primate Visual Cortex.
Ho CLA, Zimmermann R, Flórez Weidinger JD, Prsa M, Schottdorf M, Merlin S, Okamoto T, Ikezoe K, Pifferi F, Aujard F, Angelucci A, et al.
Current biology : CB (2020) : . 135 403 IHC
Differential NOVA2-Mediated Splicing in Excitatory and Inhibitory Neurons Regulates Cortical Development and Cerebellar Function.
Saito Y, Yuan Y, Zucker-Scharff I, Fak JJ, Jereb S, Tajima Y, Licatalosi DD, Darnell RB
Neuron (2019) 1014: 707-720.e5. 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
Characterisation of the relaxin family peptide 3 receptor system in the mouse bed nucleus of the stria terminalis.
Ch'ng SS, Fu J, Brown RM, Smith C, Hossain MA, McDougall SJ, Lawrence AJ
The Journal of comparative neurology (2019) : . 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
Cortical Output Is Gated by Horizontally Projecting Neurons in the Deep Layers.
Egger R, Narayanan RT, Guest JM, Bast A, Udvary D, Messore LF, Das S, de Kock CPJ, Oberlaender M
Neuron (2019) : . 135 403 IHC; tested species: rat
Embryonic progenitor pools generate diversity in fine-scale excitatory cortical subnetworks.
Ellender TJ, Avery SV, Mahfooz K, Scaber J, von Klemperer A, Nixon SL, Buchan MJ, van Rheede JJ, Gatti A, Waites C, Pavlou HJ, et al.
Nature communications (2019) 101: 5224. 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
Neurons in the Nucleus papilio contribute to the control of eye movements during REM sleep.
Gutierrez Herrera C, Girard F, Bilella A, Gent TC, Roccaro-Waldmeyer DM, Adamantidis A, Celio MR
Nature communications (2019) 101: 5225. 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
Paradoxical effects of continuous high dose gabapentin treatment on autonomic dysreflexia after complete spinal cord injury.
Eldahan KC, Williams HC, Cox DH, Gollihue JL, Patel SP, Rabchevsky AG
Experimental neurology (2019) 323: 113083. 135 403 IHC; tested species: rat
Loss of PTEN-induced kinase 1 (Pink1) reduces hippocampal tyrosine hydroxylase and impairs learning and memory.
Maynard ME, Redell JB, Kobori N, Underwood EL, Fischer TD, Hood KN, LaRoche V, Waxham MN, Moore AN, Dash PK
Experimental neurology (2019) 323: 113081. 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
Mediation of the Acute Stress Response by the Skeleton.
Berger JM, Singh P, Khrimian L, Morgan DA, Chowdhury S, Arteaga-Solis E, Horvath TL, Domingos AI, Marsland AL, Kumar Yadav V, Rahmouni K, et al.
Cell metabolism (2019) : . 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
A Fear Memory Engram and Its Plasticity in the Hypothalamic Oxytocin System.
Hasan MT, Althammer F, Silva da Gouveia M, Goyon S, Eliava M, Lefevre A, Kerspern D, Schimmer J, Raftogianni A, Wahis J, Knobloch-Bollmann HS, et al.
Neuron (2019) 1031: 133-146.e8. 135 403 IHC; tested species: rat
Molecular layer interneurons shape the spike activity of cerebellar Purkinje cells.
Brown AM, Arancillo M, Lin T, Catt DR, Zhou J, Lackey EP, Stay TL, Zuo Z, White JJ, Sillitoe RV
Scientific reports (2019) 91: 1742. 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
P/Q Type Calcium Channel Cav2.1 Defines a Unique Subset of Glomeruli in the Mouse Olfactory Bulb.
Pyrski M, Tusty M, Eckstein E, Oboti L, Rodriguez-Gil DJ, Greer CA, Zufall F
Frontiers in cellular neuroscience (2018) 12: 295. 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
Neurochemical fingerprinting of amygdalostriatal and intra-amygdaloid projections: a tracing-immunofluorescence study in the rat.
Wouterlood FG, van Oort S, Bloemhard L, Flierman NA, Spijkerman J, Wright CI, Beliën JAM, Groenewegen HJ
Journal of chemical neuroanatomy (2018) : . 135 403 IHC; tested species: rat
Architecture of the Mouse Brain Synaptome.
Zhu F, Cizeron M, Qiu Z, Benavides-Piccione R, Kopanitsa MV, Skene NG, Koniaris B, DeFelipe J, Fransén E, Komiyama NH, Grant SGN, et al.
Neuron (2018) : . 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
Spatial Information in a Non-retinotopic Visual Cortex.
Fournier J, Müller CM, Schneider I, Laurent G
Neuron (2018) 971: 164-180.e7. 135 403 IHC
Integrity of Cajal-Retzius cells in the reeler-mouse hippocampus.
Anstötz M, Karsak M, Rune GM
Hippocampus (2018) : . 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
Botulinum Neurotoxin Application to the Severed Femoral Nerve Modulates Spinal Synaptic Responses to Axotomy and Enhances Motor Recovery in Rats.
Irintchev M, Guntinas-Lichius O, Irintchev A
Neural plasticity (2018) 2018: 7975013. 135 403 IHC; tested species: rat
Puncta of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) mediate NMDA-receptor signalling in the auditory midbrain.
Olthof BM, Gartside SE, Rees A
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience (2018) : . 135 403 IHC
Re-evaluation of neuronal P2X7 expression using novel mouse models and a P2X7-specific nanobody.
Kaczmarek-Hajek K, Zhang J, Kopp R, Grosche A, Rissiek B, Saul A, Bruzzone S, Engel T, Jooss T, Krautloher A, Schuster S, et al.
eLife (2018) 7: . 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
Distinct Neural Circuits for the Formation and Retrieval of Episodic Memories.
Roy DS, Kitamura T, Okuyama T, Ogawa SK, Sun C, Obata Y, Yoshiki A, Tonegawa S
Cell (2017) 1705: 1000-1012.e19. 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
Excitatory and inhibitory innervation of the mouse orofacial motor nuclei: A stereological study.
Faunes M, Oñate-Ponce A, Fernández-Collemann S, Henny P
The Journal of comparative neurology (2016) 5244: 738-58. 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
Large-scale reconstitution of a retina-to-brain pathway in adult rats using gene therapy and bridging grafts: An anatomical and behavioral analysis.
You SW, Hellström M, Pollett MA, LeVaillant C, Moses C, Rigby PJ, Penrose M, Rodger J, Harvey AR
Experimental neurology (2016) 279: 197-211. 135 403 IHC
Prolonged Type 1 Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor Dependent Synaptic Signaling Contributes to Spino-Cerebellar Ataxia Type 1.
Power EM, Morales A, Empson RM
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience (2016) 3618: 4910-6. 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
Control of axon guidance and neurotransmitter phenotype of dB1 hindbrain interneurons by Lim-HD code.
Kohl A, Marquardt T, Klar A, Sela-Donenfeld D
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience (2015) 356: 2596-611. 135 403 IHC
Cerebellar synaptogenesis is compromised in mouse models of DYT1 dystonia.
Vanni V, Puglisi F, Bonsi P, Ponterio G, Maltese M, Pisani A, Mandolesi G
Experimental neurology (2015) 271: 457-67. 135 403 WB, IHC; tested species: mouse
Elevated mutant dynorphin A causes Purkinje cell loss and motor dysfunction in spinocerebellar ataxia type 23.
Smeets CJ, Jezierska J, Watanabe H, Duarri A, Fokkens MR, Meijer M, Zhou Q, Yakovleva T, Boddeke E, den Dunnen W, van Deursen J, et al.
Brain : a journal of neurology (2015) 138Pt 9: 2537-52. 135 403 WB, IHC
Conserved expression of the GPR151 receptor in habenular axonal projections of vertebrates.
Broms J, Antolin-Fontes B, Tingström A, Ibañez-Tallon I
The Journal of comparative neurology (2015) 5233: 359-80. 135 403 IHC
Astrocytes refine cortical connectivity at dendritic spines.
Risher WC, Patel S, Kim IH, Uezu A, Bhagat S, Wilton DK, Pilaz LJ, Singh Alvarado J, Calhan OY, Silver DL, Stevens B, et al.
eLife (2014) 3: . 135 403 IHC
Distribution of SNAP25, VAMP1 and VAMP2 in mature and developing deep cerebellar nuclei after estrogen administration.
Manca P, Mameli O, Caria MA, Torrejón-Escribano B, Blasi J
Neuroscience (2014) 266: 102-15. 135 403 IHC, WB
Reduced cholinergic and glutamatergic synaptic input to regenerated motoneurons after facial nerve repair in rats: potential implications for recovery of motor function.
Raslan A, Ernst P, Werle M, Thieme H, Szameit K, Finkensieper M, Guntinas-Lichius O, Irintchev A
Brain structure & function (2014) 2193: 891-909. 135 403 IHC; tested species: rat
Nuclei-specific differences in nerve terminal distribution, morphology, and development in mouse visual thalamus.
Hammer S, Carrillo GL, Govindaiah G, Monavarfeshani A, Bircher JS, Su J, Guido W, Fox MA
Neural development (2014) 9: 16. 135 403 IHC
BMP signaling specifies the development of a large and fast CNS synapse.
Xiao L, Michalski N, Kronander E, Gjoni E, Genoud C, Knott G, Schneggenburger R
Nature neuroscience (2013) 167: 856-64. 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
Dishevelled proteins are associated with olfactory sensory neuron presynaptic terminals.
Rodriguez-Gil DJ, Hu W, Greer CA
PloS one (2013) 82: e56561. 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
Neonatal leptin exposure specifies innervation of presympathetic hypothalamic neurons and improves the metabolic status of leptin-deficient mice.
Bouyer K, Simerly RB
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience (2013) 332: 840-51. 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
Dysfunctional astrocytic and synaptic regulation of hypothalamic glutamatergic transmission in a mouse model of early-life adversity: relevance to neurosteroids and programming of the stress response.
Gunn BG, Cunningham L, Cooper MA, Corteen NL, Seifi M, Swinny JD, Lambert JJ, Belelli D
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience (2013) 3350: 19534-54. 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
GPR55, a G-protein coupled receptor for lysophosphatidylinositol, plays a role in motor coordination.
Wu CS, Chen H, Sun H, Zhu J, Jew CP, Wager-Miller J, Straiker A, Spencer C, Bradshaw H, Mackie K, Lu HC, et al.
PloS one (2013) 84: e60314. 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
Deficient functional recovery after facial nerve crush in rats is associated with restricted rearrangements of synaptic terminals in the facial nucleus.
Hundeshagen G, Szameit K, Thieme H, Finkensieper M, Angelov DN, Guntinas-Lichius O, Irintchev A
Neuroscience (2013) 248: 307-18. 135 403 IHC; tested species: rat
Tail spasms in rat spinal cord injury: changes in interneuronal connectivity.
Kapitza S, Zörner B, Weinmann O, Bolliger M, Filli L, Dietz V, Schwab ME
Experimental neurology (2012) 2361: 179-89. 135 403 IHC; tested species: rat
Target-derived matricryptins organize cerebellar synapse formation through α3β1 integrins.
Su J, Stenbjorn RS, Gorse K, Su K, Hauser KF, Ricard-Blum S, Pihlajaniemi T, Fox MA
Cell reports (2012) 22: 223-30. 135 403 WB, ICC, IHC; tested species: mouse
Somatosensory projections to cochlear nucleus are upregulated after unilateral deafness.
Zeng C, Yang Z, Shreve L, Bledsoe S, Shore S
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience (2012) 3245: 15791-801. 135 403 IHC
Developmental expression of Synaptotagmin isoforms in single calyx of Held-generating neurons.
Xiao L, Han Y, Runne H, Murray H, Kochubey O, Luthi-Carter R, Schneggenburger R
Molecular and cellular neurosciences (2010) 444: 374-85. 135 403 IHC; tested species: rat
Transient focal cerebral ischemia significantly alters not only EAATs but also VGLUTs expression in rats: relevance of changes in reactive astroglia.
Sánchez-Mendoza E, Burguete MC, Castelló-Ruiz M, González MP, Roncero C, Salom JB, Arce C, Cañadas S, Torregrosa G, Alborch E, Oset-Gasque MJ, et al.
Journal of neurochemistry (2010) 1135: 1343-55. 135 403 IHC, WB; tested species: rat
GluRdelta2 expression in the mature cerebellum of hotfoot mice promotes parallel fiber synaptogenesis and axonal competition.
Mandolesi G, Autuori E, Cesa R, Premoselli F, Cesare P, Strata P
PloS one (2009) 44: e5243. 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
Synaptic and vesicular co-localization of the glutamate transporters VGLUT1 and VGLUT2 in the mouse hippocampus.
Herzog E, Takamori S, Jahn R, Brose N, Wojcik SM
Journal of neurochemistry (2006) 993: 1011-8. 135 403 IHC, IP, WB; tested species: mouse
Transient synaptic zinc-positive thalamocortical terminals in the developing barrel cortex.
Ichinohe N, Potapov D, Rockland KS
The European journal of neuroscience (2006) 244: 1001-10. 135 403 IHC, EM; tested species: rat
Activity-dependent modulation of neurotransmitter innervation to vasopressin neurons of the supraoptic nucleus.
Mueller NK, Di S, Paden CM, Herman JP
Endocrinology (2005) 1461: 348-54. 135 403 IHC; tested species: rat
Mammalian motor neurons corelease glutamate and acetylcholine at central synapses.
Nishimaru H, Restrepo CE, Ryge J, Yanagawa Y, Kiehn O
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (2005) 10214: 5245-9. 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
An essential role for vesicular glutamate transporter 1 (VGLUT1) in postnatal development and control of quantal size.
Wojcik SM, Rhee JS, Herzog E, Sigler A, Jahn R, Takamori S, Brose N, Rosenmund C
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (2004) 10118: 7158-63. 135 403 ICC, WB, IHC; tested species: mouse
Isolation of an anorexigenic protein from membranes.
Kidwai AM, Upreti RK
Molecular and cellular biochemistry () 911-2: 117-22. 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
Layer-specific Developmental Changes in Excitation and Inhibition in Rat Primary Visual Cortex.
Tatti R, Swanson OK, Lee MSE, Maffei A
eNeuro () 46: . 135 403 IHC; tested species: rat
Loss of STOP protein impairs peripheral olfactory neurogenesis.
Benardais K, Kasem B, Couegnas A, Samama B, Fernandez S, Schaeffer C, Antal MC, Job D, Schweitzer A, Andrieux A, Giersch A, et al.
PloS one (2010) 59: e12753. 135 403 IHC-P; tested species: mouse
Carbonic anhydrase related protein 8 mutation results in aberrant synaptic morphology and excitatory synaptic function in the cerebellum.
Hirasawa M, Xu X, Trask RB, Maddatu TP, Johnson BA, Naggert JK, Nishina PM, Ikeda A
Molecular and cellular neurosciences (2007) 351: 161-70. 135 403 IHC-P; tested species: mouse
Transient synaptic zinc-positive thalamocortical terminals in the developing barrel cortex.
Ichinohe N, Potapov D, Rockland KS
The European journal of neuroscience (2006) 244: 1001-10. 135 403 IHC, EM; tested species: rat
Colocalization of different neurotransmitter transporters on synaptic vesicles is sparse except for VGLUT1 and ZnT3.
Upmanyu N, Jin J, Emde HV, Ganzella M, Bösche L, Malviya VN, Zhuleku E, Politi AZ, Ninov M, Silbern I, Leutenegger M, et al.
Neuron (2022) : . 135 403 UPTAKE; tested species: rat
Cat. No.: 135 403
Amount: 50 µg
Price: $465.00
GABAergic/Glycinergic and Glutamatergic Neurons Mediate Distinct Neurodevelopmental Phenotypes of STXBP1 Encephalopathy.
Kim JH, Chen W, Chao ES, Rivera A, Kaku HN, Jiang K, Lee D, Chen H, Vega JM, Chin TV, Jin K, et al.
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience (2024) 4414: . 135 403 WB; tested species: mouse
SLC13A5/sodium-citrate co-transporter overexpression causes disrupted white matter integrity and an autistic-like phenotype.
Rigby MJ, Orefice NS, Lawton AJ, Ma M, Shapiro SL, Yi SY, Dieterich IA, Frelka A, Miles HN, Pearce RA, Yu JPJ, et al.
Brain communications (2022) 41: fcac002. 135 403 WB, ICC; tested species: mouse
Cerebellar developmental deficits underlie neurodegenerative disorder spinocerebellar ataxia type 23.
Smeets CJLM, Ma KY, Fisher SE, Verbeek DS
Brain pathology (Zurich, Switzerland) (2021) 312: 239-252. 135 403 WB, IHC; tested species: mouse
Neuroligin 1, 2, and 3 Regulation at the Synapse: FMRP-Dependent Translation and Activity-Induced Proteolytic Cleavage.
Chmielewska JJ, Kuzniewska B, Milek J, Urbanska K, Dziembowska M
Molecular neurobiology (2018) : . 135 403 WB; tested species: mouse
SNARE Complex-associated Proteins in the Lateral Amygdala of Macaca mullatta Following Long-term Ethanol Drinking.
Alexander NJ, Rau AR, Jimenez VA, Daunais JB, Grant KA, McCool BA
Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research (2018) : . 135 403 WB; tested species: monkey
Vesicular glutamate transporters play a role in neuronal differentiation of cultured SVZ-derived neural precursor cells.
Sánchez-Mendoza EH, Bellver-Landete V, Arce C, Doeppner TR, Hermann DM, Oset-Gasque MJ
PloS one (2017) 125: e0177069. 135 403 WB, ICC
Protein Markers of Neurotransmitter Synthesis and Release in Postmortem Schizophrenia Substantia Nigra.
Schoonover KE, McCollum LA, Roberts RC
Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology (2017) 422: 540-550. 135 403 WB; tested species: human
Reorganization of Synaptic Connections and Perineuronal Nets in the Deep Cerebellar Nuclei of Purkinje Cell Degeneration Mutant Mice.
Blosa M, Bursch C, Weigel S, Holzer M, Jäger C, Janke C, Matthews RT, Arendt T, Morawski M
Neural plasticity (2016) 2016: 2828536. 135 403 WB; tested species: mouse
Uncovering the role of the nucleus accumbens in schizophrenia: A postmortem analysis of tyrosine hydroxylase and vesicular glutamate transporters.
McCollum LA, Roberts RC
Schizophrenia research (2015) 1691-3: 369-373. 135 403 WB; tested species: human
Cerebellar synaptogenesis is compromised in mouse models of DYT1 dystonia.
Vanni V, Puglisi F, Bonsi P, Ponterio G, Maltese M, Pisani A, Mandolesi G
Experimental neurology (2015) 271: 457-67. 135 403 WB, IHC; tested species: mouse
Elevated mutant dynorphin A causes Purkinje cell loss and motor dysfunction in spinocerebellar ataxia type 23.
Smeets CJ, Jezierska J, Watanabe H, Duarri A, Fokkens MR, Meijer M, Zhou Q, Yakovleva T, Boddeke E, den Dunnen W, van Deursen J, et al.
Brain : a journal of neurology (2015) 138Pt 9: 2537-52. 135 403 WB, IHC
Distribution of SNAP25, VAMP1 and VAMP2 in mature and developing deep cerebellar nuclei after estrogen administration.
Manca P, Mameli O, Caria MA, Torrejón-Escribano B, Blasi J
Neuroscience (2014) 266: 102-15. 135 403 IHC, WB
Differential association of postsynaptic signaling protein complexes in striatum and hippocampus.
Baucum AJ, Brown AM, Colbran RJ
Journal of neurochemistry (2013) 1244: 490-501. 135 403 WB; tested species: mouse
Target-derived matricryptins organize cerebellar synapse formation through α3β1 integrins.
Su J, Stenbjorn RS, Gorse K, Su K, Hauser KF, Ricard-Blum S, Pihlajaniemi T, Fox MA
Cell reports (2012) 22: 223-30. 135 403 WB, ICC, IHC; tested species: mouse
Transient focal cerebral ischemia significantly alters not only EAATs but also VGLUTs expression in rats: relevance of changes in reactive astroglia.
Sánchez-Mendoza E, Burguete MC, Castelló-Ruiz M, González MP, Roncero C, Salom JB, Arce C, Cañadas S, Torregrosa G, Alborch E, Oset-Gasque MJ, et al.
Journal of neurochemistry (2010) 1135: 1343-55. 135 403 IHC, WB; tested species: rat
Unique luminal localization of VGAT-C terminus allows for selective labeling of active cortical GABAergic synapses.
Martens H, Weston MC, Boulland JL, Grønborg M, Grosche J, Kacza J, Hoffmann A, Matteoli M, Takamori S, Harkany T, Chaudhry FA, et al.
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience (2008) 2849: 13125-31. 135 403 WB; tested species: rat
Synaptic and vesicular co-localization of the glutamate transporters VGLUT1 and VGLUT2 in the mouse hippocampus.
Herzog E, Takamori S, Jahn R, Brose N, Wojcik SM
Journal of neurochemistry (2006) 993: 1011-8. 135 403 IHC, IP, WB; tested species: mouse
An essential role for vesicular glutamate transporter 1 (VGLUT1) in postnatal development and control of quantal size.
Wojcik SM, Rhee JS, Herzog E, Sigler A, Jahn R, Takamori S, Brose N, Rosenmund C
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (2004) 10118: 7158-63. 135 403 ICC, WB, IHC; tested species: mouse
Generation and Characterization of Anti-VGLUT Nanobodies Acting as Inhibitors of Transport.
Schenck S, Kunz L, Sahlender D, Pardon E, Geertsma ER, Savtchouk I, Suzuki T, Neldner Y, Štefanić S, Steyaert J, Volterra A, et al.
Biochemistry (2017) 5630: 3962-3971. 135 403 IP; tested species: rat
Synaptic and vesicular co-localization of the glutamate transporters VGLUT1 and VGLUT2 in the mouse hippocampus.
Herzog E, Takamori S, Jahn R, Brose N, Wojcik SM
Journal of neurochemistry (2006) 993: 1011-8. 135 403 IHC, IP, WB; tested species: mouse
Generation of self-organized autonomic ganglion organoids from fibroblasts.
Liu S, Xiang K, Yuan F, Xiang M
iScience (2023) 263: 106241. 135 403 ICC; tested species: mouse
SLC13A5/sodium-citrate co-transporter overexpression causes disrupted white matter integrity and an autistic-like phenotype.
Rigby MJ, Orefice NS, Lawton AJ, Ma M, Shapiro SL, Yi SY, Dieterich IA, Frelka A, Miles HN, Pearce RA, Yu JPJ, et al.
Brain communications (2022) 41: fcac002. 135 403 WB, ICC; tested species: mouse
VGLUT2 Is a Determinant of Dopamine Neuron Resilience in a Rotenone Model of Dopamine Neurodegeneration.
Buck SA, De Miranda BR, Logan RW, Fish KN, Greenamyre JT, Freyberg Z
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience (2021) 4122: 4937-4947. 135 403 ICC; tested species: rat
Opposite Control of Excitatory and Inhibitory Synapse Formation by Slitrk2 and Slitrk5 on Dopamine Neurons Modulates Hyperactivity Behavior.
Salesse C, Charest J, Doucet-Beaupré H, Castonguay AM, Labrecque S, De Koninck P, Lévesque M
Cell reports (2020) 307: 2374-2386.e5. 135 403 ICC; tested species: mouse
Rapid generation of regionally specified CNS neurons by sequential patterning and conversion of human induced pluripotent stem cells.
Chen M, Maimaitili M, Habekost M, Gill KP, Mermet-Joret N, Nabavi S, Febbraro F, Denham M
Stem cell research (2020) 48: 101945. 135 403 ICC; tested species: human
Genetically Engineered iPSC-Derived FTDP-17 MAPT Neurons Display Mutation-Specific Neurodegenerative and Neurodevelopmental Phenotypes.
Verheyen A, Diels A, Reumers J, Van Hoorde K, Van den Wyngaert I, van Outryve d'Ydewalle C, De Bondt A, Kuijlaars J, De Muynck L, De Hoogt R, Bretteville A, et al.
Stem cell reports (2018) : . 135 403 ICC; tested species: human
Vesicular glutamate transporters play a role in neuronal differentiation of cultured SVZ-derived neural precursor cells.
Sánchez-Mendoza EH, Bellver-Landete V, Arce C, Doeppner TR, Hermann DM, Oset-Gasque MJ
PloS one (2017) 125: e0177069. 135 403 WB, ICC
Bicistronic CACNA1A Gene Expression in Neurons Derived from Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 6 Patient-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells.
Bavassano C, Eigentler A, Stanika R, Obermair GJ, Boesch S, Dechant G, Nat R
Stem cells and development (2017) 2622: 1612-1625. 135 403 ICC; tested species: human
Altered Developmental Expression of the Astrocyte-Secreted Factors Hevin and SPARC in the Fragile X Mouse Model.
Wallingford J, Scott AL, Rodrigues K, Doering LC
Frontiers in molecular neuroscience (2017) 10: 268. 135 403 ICC; tested species: mouse
Spontaneous Neurotransmitter Release Shapes Dendritic Arbors via Long-Range Activation of NMDA Receptors.
Andreae LC, Burrone J
Cell reports (2015) : . 135 403 ICC
Borna disease virus phosphoprotein impairs the developmental program controlling neurogenesis and reduces human GABAergic neurogenesis.
Scordel C, Huttin A, Cochet-Bernoin M, Szelechowski M, Poulet A, Richardson J, Benchoua A, Gonzalez-Dunia D, Eloit M, Coulpier M
PLoS pathogens (2015) 114: e1004859. 135 403 ICC
Evaluation of established human iPSC-derived neurons to model neurodegenerative diseases.
Meneghello G, Verheyen A, Van Ingen M, Kuijlaars J, Tuefferd M, Van Den Wyngaert I, Nuydens R
Neuroscience (2015) 301: 204-12. 135 403 ICC; tested species: human
Neural progenitors derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells survive and differentiate upon transplantation into a rat model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Popescu IR, Nicaise C, Liu S, Bisch G, Knippenberg S, Daubie V, Bohl D, Pochet R
Stem cells translational medicine (2013) 23: 167-74. 135 403 ICC; tested species: human
Target-derived matricryptins organize cerebellar synapse formation through α3β1 integrins.
Su J, Stenbjorn RS, Gorse K, Su K, Hauser KF, Ricard-Blum S, Pihlajaniemi T, Fox MA
Cell reports (2012) 22: 223-30. 135 403 WB, ICC, IHC; tested species: mouse
An essential role for vesicular glutamate transporter 1 (VGLUT1) in postnatal development and control of quantal size.
Wojcik SM, Rhee JS, Herzog E, Sigler A, Jahn R, Takamori S, Brose N, Rosenmund C
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (2004) 10118: 7158-63. 135 403 ICC, WB, IHC; tested species: mouse
[A case from practice (164). Acute unilateral vestibular deficit on the left].
Ludwig-Hagemann R
Schweizerische Rundschau fur Medizin Praxis = Revue suisse de medecine Praxis (1990) 7910: 303-4. 135 403 ICC; tested species: rat
Spatiotemporal Mapping and Molecular Basis of Whole-brain Circuit Maturation.
Xue J, Brawner AT, Thompson JR, Yelhekar TD, Newmaster KT, Qiu Q, Cooper YA, Yu CR, Ahmed-Braima YH, Kim Y, Lin Y, et al.
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology (2024) : . 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
A brainstem-hypothalamus neuronal circuit reduces feeding upon heat exposure.
Benevento M, Alpár A, Gundacker A, Afjehi L, Balueva K, Hevesi Z, Hanics J, Rehman S, Pollak DD, Lubec G, Wulff P, et al.
Nature (2024) : . 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
Higher-order thalamocortical circuits are specified by embryonic cortical progenitor types in the mouse brain.
Buchan MJ, Gothard G, Mahfooz K, van Rheede JJ, Avery SV, Vourvoukelis A, Demby A, Ellender TJ, Newey SE, Akerman CJ
Cell reports (2024) 435: 114157. 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
Coordinating brain-distributed network activities in memory resistant to extinction.
Clarke-Williams CJ, Lopes-Dos-Santos V, Lefèvre L, Brizee D, Causse AA, Rothaermel R, Hartwich K, Perestenko PV, Toth R, McNamara CG, Sharott A, et al.
Cell (2024) 1872: 409-427.e19. 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
Activation of the CA2-ventral CA1 pathway reverses social discrimination dysfunction in Shank3B knockout mice.
Cope EC, Wang SH, Waters RC, Gore IR, Vasquez B, Laham BJ, Gould E
Nature communications (2023) 141: 1750. 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
A Selective Projection from the Subthalamic Nucleus to Parvalbumin-Expressing Interneurons of the Striatum.
Kondabolu K, Doig NM, Ayeko O, Khan B, Torres A, Calvigioni D, Meletis K, Koós T, Magill PJ
eNeuro (2023) 107: . 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
Axonal mRNA binding of hnRNP A/B is crucial for axon targeting and maturation of olfactory sensory neurons.
Fukuda N, Fukuda T, Percipalle P, Oda K, Takei N, Czaplinski K, Touhara K, Yoshihara Y, Sasaoka T
Cell reports (2023) 425: 112398. 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
Presynaptic GABAB receptors inhibit vomeronasal nerve transmission to accessory olfactory bulb mitral cells.
Weiss J, Zufall F
Frontiers in cellular neuroscience (2023) 17: 1302955. 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
GABAergic-like dopamine synapses in the brain.
Kim HJ, Hwang B, Reva M, Lee J, Lee BE, Lee Y, Cho EJ, Jeong M, Lee SE, Myung K, Baik JH, et al.
Cell reports (2023) 4210: 113239. 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
Postnatal development of hippocampal CA2 structure and function during the emergence of social recognition of peers.
Diethorn EJ, Gould E
Hippocampus (2023) 333: 208-222. 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
Disruption of VGLUT1 in Cholinergic Medial Habenula Projections Increases Nicotine Self-Administration.
Souter EA, Chen YC, Zell V, Lallai V, Steinkellner T, Conrad WS, Wisden W, Harris KD, Fowler CD, Hnasko TS
eNeuro (2022) 91: . 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
Dendritic Inhibition by Shh Signaling-Dependent Stellate Cell Pool Is Critical for Motor Learning.
Li W, Chen L, Fleming JT, Brignola E, Zavalin K, Lagrange A, Rex T, Heiney SA, Wojaczynski GJ, Medina JF, Chiang C, et al.
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience (2022) 4226: 5130-5143. 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
Neurotransmitter phenotype switching by spinal excitatory interneurons regulates locomotor recovery after spinal cord injury.
Bertels H, Vicente-Ortiz G, El Kanbi K, Takeoka A
Nature neuroscience (2022) 255: 617-629. 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
A Brain-Penetrant Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase Inhibitor Reverses α-Synuclein Toxicity.
Nuber S, Chung CY, Tardiff DF, Bechade PA, McCaffery TD, Shimanaka K, Choi J, Chang B, Raja W, Neve E, Burke C, et al.
Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics (2022) : . 135 403 IHC; tested species: human
Cortical layer-specific differences in stimulus selectivity revealed with high-field fMRI and single-vessel resolution optical imaging of the primary visual cortex.
Cho S, Roy A, Liu CJ, Idiyatullin D, Zhu W, Zhang Y, Zhu XH, O'Herron P, Leikvoll A, Chen W, Kara P, et al.
NeuroImage (2022) 251: 118978. 135 403 IHC
Kv3 channels contribute to the excitability of sub-populations of spinal cord neurons in lamina VII.
Mullen P, Pilati N, Large CH, Deuchars J, Deuchars S
eNeuro (2022) : . 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
Noise Exposure Alters Glutamatergic and GABAergic Synaptic Connectivity in the Hippocampus and Its Relevance to Tinnitus.
Zhang L, Wu C, Martel DT, West M, Sutton MA, Shore SE
Neural plasticity (2021) 2021: 8833087. 135 403 IHC
Peculiar protrusions along tanycyte processes face diverse neural and nonneural cell types in the hypothalamic parenchyma.
Pasquettaz R, Kolotuev I, Rohrbach A, Gouelle C, Pellerin L, Langlet F
The Journal of comparative neurology (2021) 5293: 553-575. 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
Newborn mice form lasting CA2-dependent memories of their mothers.
Laham BJ, Diethorn EJ, Gould E
Cell reports (2021) 344: 108668. 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
Mitochondrial biogenesis in developing astrocytes regulates astrocyte maturation and synapse formation.
Zehnder T, Petrelli F, Romanos J, De Oliveira Figueiredo EC, Lewis TL, Déglon N, Polleux F, Santello M, Bezzi P
Cell reports (2021) 352: 108952. 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
Maturation of Purkinje cell firing properties relies on neurogenesis of excitatory neurons.
van der Heijden ME, Lackey EP, Perez R, Ișleyen FS, Brown AM, Donofrio SG, Lin T, Zoghbi HY, Sillitoe RV
eLife (2021) 10: . 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
Morphological assessment of GABA and glutamate inputs to GnRH neurons in intact female mice using expansion microscopy.
Yeo SH, Herde MK, Herbison AE
Journal of neuroendocrinology (2021) 339: e13021. 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
Cerebellar developmental deficits underlie neurodegenerative disorder spinocerebellar ataxia type 23.
Smeets CJLM, Ma KY, Fisher SE, Verbeek DS
Brain pathology (Zurich, Switzerland) (2021) 312: 239-252. 135 403 WB, IHC; tested species: mouse
Neuronal and Synaptic Plasticity in the Visual Thalamus in Mouse Models of Glaucoma.
Van Hook MJ, Monaco C, Bierlein ER, Smith JC
Frontiers in cellular neuroscience (2020) 14: 626056. 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
Orientation Preference Maps in Microcebus murinus Reveal Size-Invariant Design Principles in Primate Visual Cortex.
Ho CLA, Zimmermann R, Flórez Weidinger JD, Prsa M, Schottdorf M, Merlin S, Okamoto T, Ikezoe K, Pifferi F, Aujard F, Angelucci A, et al.
Current biology : CB (2020) : . 135 403 IHC
Differential NOVA2-Mediated Splicing in Excitatory and Inhibitory Neurons Regulates Cortical Development and Cerebellar Function.
Saito Y, Yuan Y, Zucker-Scharff I, Fak JJ, Jereb S, Tajima Y, Licatalosi DD, Darnell RB
Neuron (2019) 1014: 707-720.e5. 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
Characterisation of the relaxin family peptide 3 receptor system in the mouse bed nucleus of the stria terminalis.
Ch'ng SS, Fu J, Brown RM, Smith C, Hossain MA, McDougall SJ, Lawrence AJ
The Journal of comparative neurology (2019) : . 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
Cortical Output Is Gated by Horizontally Projecting Neurons in the Deep Layers.
Egger R, Narayanan RT, Guest JM, Bast A, Udvary D, Messore LF, Das S, de Kock CPJ, Oberlaender M
Neuron (2019) : . 135 403 IHC; tested species: rat
Embryonic progenitor pools generate diversity in fine-scale excitatory cortical subnetworks.
Ellender TJ, Avery SV, Mahfooz K, Scaber J, von Klemperer A, Nixon SL, Buchan MJ, van Rheede JJ, Gatti A, Waites C, Pavlou HJ, et al.
Nature communications (2019) 101: 5224. 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
Neurons in the Nucleus papilio contribute to the control of eye movements during REM sleep.
Gutierrez Herrera C, Girard F, Bilella A, Gent TC, Roccaro-Waldmeyer DM, Adamantidis A, Celio MR
Nature communications (2019) 101: 5225. 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
Paradoxical effects of continuous high dose gabapentin treatment on autonomic dysreflexia after complete spinal cord injury.
Eldahan KC, Williams HC, Cox DH, Gollihue JL, Patel SP, Rabchevsky AG
Experimental neurology (2019) 323: 113083. 135 403 IHC; tested species: rat
Loss of PTEN-induced kinase 1 (Pink1) reduces hippocampal tyrosine hydroxylase and impairs learning and memory.
Maynard ME, Redell JB, Kobori N, Underwood EL, Fischer TD, Hood KN, LaRoche V, Waxham MN, Moore AN, Dash PK
Experimental neurology (2019) 323: 113081. 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
Mediation of the Acute Stress Response by the Skeleton.
Berger JM, Singh P, Khrimian L, Morgan DA, Chowdhury S, Arteaga-Solis E, Horvath TL, Domingos AI, Marsland AL, Kumar Yadav V, Rahmouni K, et al.
Cell metabolism (2019) : . 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
A Fear Memory Engram and Its Plasticity in the Hypothalamic Oxytocin System.
Hasan MT, Althammer F, Silva da Gouveia M, Goyon S, Eliava M, Lefevre A, Kerspern D, Schimmer J, Raftogianni A, Wahis J, Knobloch-Bollmann HS, et al.
Neuron (2019) 1031: 133-146.e8. 135 403 IHC; tested species: rat
Molecular layer interneurons shape the spike activity of cerebellar Purkinje cells.
Brown AM, Arancillo M, Lin T, Catt DR, Zhou J, Lackey EP, Stay TL, Zuo Z, White JJ, Sillitoe RV
Scientific reports (2019) 91: 1742. 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
P/Q Type Calcium Channel Cav2.1 Defines a Unique Subset of Glomeruli in the Mouse Olfactory Bulb.
Pyrski M, Tusty M, Eckstein E, Oboti L, Rodriguez-Gil DJ, Greer CA, Zufall F
Frontiers in cellular neuroscience (2018) 12: 295. 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
Neurochemical fingerprinting of amygdalostriatal and intra-amygdaloid projections: a tracing-immunofluorescence study in the rat.
Wouterlood FG, van Oort S, Bloemhard L, Flierman NA, Spijkerman J, Wright CI, Beliën JAM, Groenewegen HJ
Journal of chemical neuroanatomy (2018) : . 135 403 IHC; tested species: rat
Architecture of the Mouse Brain Synaptome.
Zhu F, Cizeron M, Qiu Z, Benavides-Piccione R, Kopanitsa MV, Skene NG, Koniaris B, DeFelipe J, Fransén E, Komiyama NH, Grant SGN, et al.
Neuron (2018) : . 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
Spatial Information in a Non-retinotopic Visual Cortex.
Fournier J, Müller CM, Schneider I, Laurent G
Neuron (2018) 971: 164-180.e7. 135 403 IHC
Integrity of Cajal-Retzius cells in the reeler-mouse hippocampus.
Anstötz M, Karsak M, Rune GM
Hippocampus (2018) : . 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
Botulinum Neurotoxin Application to the Severed Femoral Nerve Modulates Spinal Synaptic Responses to Axotomy and Enhances Motor Recovery in Rats.
Irintchev M, Guntinas-Lichius O, Irintchev A
Neural plasticity (2018) 2018: 7975013. 135 403 IHC; tested species: rat
Puncta of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) mediate NMDA-receptor signalling in the auditory midbrain.
Olthof BM, Gartside SE, Rees A
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience (2018) : . 135 403 IHC
Re-evaluation of neuronal P2X7 expression using novel mouse models and a P2X7-specific nanobody.
Kaczmarek-Hajek K, Zhang J, Kopp R, Grosche A, Rissiek B, Saul A, Bruzzone S, Engel T, Jooss T, Krautloher A, Schuster S, et al.
eLife (2018) 7: . 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
Distinct Neural Circuits for the Formation and Retrieval of Episodic Memories.
Roy DS, Kitamura T, Okuyama T, Ogawa SK, Sun C, Obata Y, Yoshiki A, Tonegawa S
Cell (2017) 1705: 1000-1012.e19. 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
Excitatory and inhibitory innervation of the mouse orofacial motor nuclei: A stereological study.
Faunes M, Oñate-Ponce A, Fernández-Collemann S, Henny P
The Journal of comparative neurology (2016) 5244: 738-58. 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
Large-scale reconstitution of a retina-to-brain pathway in adult rats using gene therapy and bridging grafts: An anatomical and behavioral analysis.
You SW, Hellström M, Pollett MA, LeVaillant C, Moses C, Rigby PJ, Penrose M, Rodger J, Harvey AR
Experimental neurology (2016) 279: 197-211. 135 403 IHC
Prolonged Type 1 Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor Dependent Synaptic Signaling Contributes to Spino-Cerebellar Ataxia Type 1.
Power EM, Morales A, Empson RM
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience (2016) 3618: 4910-6. 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
Control of axon guidance and neurotransmitter phenotype of dB1 hindbrain interneurons by Lim-HD code.
Kohl A, Marquardt T, Klar A, Sela-Donenfeld D
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience (2015) 356: 2596-611. 135 403 IHC
Cerebellar synaptogenesis is compromised in mouse models of DYT1 dystonia.
Vanni V, Puglisi F, Bonsi P, Ponterio G, Maltese M, Pisani A, Mandolesi G
Experimental neurology (2015) 271: 457-67. 135 403 WB, IHC; tested species: mouse
Elevated mutant dynorphin A causes Purkinje cell loss and motor dysfunction in spinocerebellar ataxia type 23.
Smeets CJ, Jezierska J, Watanabe H, Duarri A, Fokkens MR, Meijer M, Zhou Q, Yakovleva T, Boddeke E, den Dunnen W, van Deursen J, et al.
Brain : a journal of neurology (2015) 138Pt 9: 2537-52. 135 403 WB, IHC
Conserved expression of the GPR151 receptor in habenular axonal projections of vertebrates.
Broms J, Antolin-Fontes B, Tingström A, Ibañez-Tallon I
The Journal of comparative neurology (2015) 5233: 359-80. 135 403 IHC
Astrocytes refine cortical connectivity at dendritic spines.
Risher WC, Patel S, Kim IH, Uezu A, Bhagat S, Wilton DK, Pilaz LJ, Singh Alvarado J, Calhan OY, Silver DL, Stevens B, et al.
eLife (2014) 3: . 135 403 IHC
Distribution of SNAP25, VAMP1 and VAMP2 in mature and developing deep cerebellar nuclei after estrogen administration.
Manca P, Mameli O, Caria MA, Torrejón-Escribano B, Blasi J
Neuroscience (2014) 266: 102-15. 135 403 IHC, WB
Reduced cholinergic and glutamatergic synaptic input to regenerated motoneurons after facial nerve repair in rats: potential implications for recovery of motor function.
Raslan A, Ernst P, Werle M, Thieme H, Szameit K, Finkensieper M, Guntinas-Lichius O, Irintchev A
Brain structure & function (2014) 2193: 891-909. 135 403 IHC; tested species: rat
Nuclei-specific differences in nerve terminal distribution, morphology, and development in mouse visual thalamus.
Hammer S, Carrillo GL, Govindaiah G, Monavarfeshani A, Bircher JS, Su J, Guido W, Fox MA
Neural development (2014) 9: 16. 135 403 IHC
BMP signaling specifies the development of a large and fast CNS synapse.
Xiao L, Michalski N, Kronander E, Gjoni E, Genoud C, Knott G, Schneggenburger R
Nature neuroscience (2013) 167: 856-64. 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
Dishevelled proteins are associated with olfactory sensory neuron presynaptic terminals.
Rodriguez-Gil DJ, Hu W, Greer CA
PloS one (2013) 82: e56561. 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
Neonatal leptin exposure specifies innervation of presympathetic hypothalamic neurons and improves the metabolic status of leptin-deficient mice.
Bouyer K, Simerly RB
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience (2013) 332: 840-51. 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
Dysfunctional astrocytic and synaptic regulation of hypothalamic glutamatergic transmission in a mouse model of early-life adversity: relevance to neurosteroids and programming of the stress response.
Gunn BG, Cunningham L, Cooper MA, Corteen NL, Seifi M, Swinny JD, Lambert JJ, Belelli D
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience (2013) 3350: 19534-54. 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
GPR55, a G-protein coupled receptor for lysophosphatidylinositol, plays a role in motor coordination.
Wu CS, Chen H, Sun H, Zhu J, Jew CP, Wager-Miller J, Straiker A, Spencer C, Bradshaw H, Mackie K, Lu HC, et al.
PloS one (2013) 84: e60314. 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
Deficient functional recovery after facial nerve crush in rats is associated with restricted rearrangements of synaptic terminals in the facial nucleus.
Hundeshagen G, Szameit K, Thieme H, Finkensieper M, Angelov DN, Guntinas-Lichius O, Irintchev A
Neuroscience (2013) 248: 307-18. 135 403 IHC; tested species: rat
Tail spasms in rat spinal cord injury: changes in interneuronal connectivity.
Kapitza S, Zörner B, Weinmann O, Bolliger M, Filli L, Dietz V, Schwab ME
Experimental neurology (2012) 2361: 179-89. 135 403 IHC; tested species: rat
Target-derived matricryptins organize cerebellar synapse formation through α3β1 integrins.
Su J, Stenbjorn RS, Gorse K, Su K, Hauser KF, Ricard-Blum S, Pihlajaniemi T, Fox MA
Cell reports (2012) 22: 223-30. 135 403 WB, ICC, IHC; tested species: mouse
Somatosensory projections to cochlear nucleus are upregulated after unilateral deafness.
Zeng C, Yang Z, Shreve L, Bledsoe S, Shore S
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience (2012) 3245: 15791-801. 135 403 IHC
Developmental expression of Synaptotagmin isoforms in single calyx of Held-generating neurons.
Xiao L, Han Y, Runne H, Murray H, Kochubey O, Luthi-Carter R, Schneggenburger R
Molecular and cellular neurosciences (2010) 444: 374-85. 135 403 IHC; tested species: rat
Transient focal cerebral ischemia significantly alters not only EAATs but also VGLUTs expression in rats: relevance of changes in reactive astroglia.
Sánchez-Mendoza E, Burguete MC, Castelló-Ruiz M, González MP, Roncero C, Salom JB, Arce C, Cañadas S, Torregrosa G, Alborch E, Oset-Gasque MJ, et al.
Journal of neurochemistry (2010) 1135: 1343-55. 135 403 IHC, WB; tested species: rat
GluRdelta2 expression in the mature cerebellum of hotfoot mice promotes parallel fiber synaptogenesis and axonal competition.
Mandolesi G, Autuori E, Cesa R, Premoselli F, Cesare P, Strata P
PloS one (2009) 44: e5243. 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
Synaptic and vesicular co-localization of the glutamate transporters VGLUT1 and VGLUT2 in the mouse hippocampus.
Herzog E, Takamori S, Jahn R, Brose N, Wojcik SM
Journal of neurochemistry (2006) 993: 1011-8. 135 403 IHC, IP, WB; tested species: mouse
Transient synaptic zinc-positive thalamocortical terminals in the developing barrel cortex.
Ichinohe N, Potapov D, Rockland KS
The European journal of neuroscience (2006) 244: 1001-10. 135 403 IHC, EM; tested species: rat
Activity-dependent modulation of neurotransmitter innervation to vasopressin neurons of the supraoptic nucleus.
Mueller NK, Di S, Paden CM, Herman JP
Endocrinology (2005) 1461: 348-54. 135 403 IHC; tested species: rat
Mammalian motor neurons corelease glutamate and acetylcholine at central synapses.
Nishimaru H, Restrepo CE, Ryge J, Yanagawa Y, Kiehn O
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (2005) 10214: 5245-9. 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
An essential role for vesicular glutamate transporter 1 (VGLUT1) in postnatal development and control of quantal size.
Wojcik SM, Rhee JS, Herzog E, Sigler A, Jahn R, Takamori S, Brose N, Rosenmund C
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (2004) 10118: 7158-63. 135 403 ICC, WB, IHC; tested species: mouse
Isolation of an anorexigenic protein from membranes.
Kidwai AM, Upreti RK
Molecular and cellular biochemistry () 911-2: 117-22. 135 403 IHC; tested species: mouse
Layer-specific Developmental Changes in Excitation and Inhibition in Rat Primary Visual Cortex.
Tatti R, Swanson OK, Lee MSE, Maffei A
eNeuro () 46: . 135 403 IHC; tested species: rat
Loss of STOP protein impairs peripheral olfactory neurogenesis.
Benardais K, Kasem B, Couegnas A, Samama B, Fernandez S, Schaeffer C, Antal MC, Job D, Schweitzer A, Andrieux A, Giersch A, et al.
PloS one (2010) 59: e12753. 135 403 IHC-P; tested species: mouse
Carbonic anhydrase related protein 8 mutation results in aberrant synaptic morphology and excitatory synaptic function in the cerebellum.
Hirasawa M, Xu X, Trask RB, Maddatu TP, Johnson BA, Naggert JK, Nishina PM, Ikeda A
Molecular and cellular neurosciences (2007) 351: 161-70. 135 403 IHC-P; tested species: mouse
Transient synaptic zinc-positive thalamocortical terminals in the developing barrel cortex.
Ichinohe N, Potapov D, Rockland KS
The European journal of neuroscience (2006) 244: 1001-10. 135 403 IHC, EM; tested species: rat
Colocalization of different neurotransmitter transporters on synaptic vesicles is sparse except for VGLUT1 and ZnT3.
Upmanyu N, Jin J, Emde HV, Ganzella M, Bösche L, Malviya VN, Zhuleku E, Politi AZ, Ninov M, Silbern I, Leutenegger M, et al.
Neuron (2022) : . 135 403 UPTAKE; tested species: rat
Background

The vesicular glutamate transporter 2 VGLUT 2, also referred to as DNPI and SLC17A6, has a more restricted expression than the related VGLUT 1. Like VGLUT 1, it is both necessary and sufficient for uptake and storage of glutamate and thus comprises the sole determinant for a glutamatergic phenotype. Both VGLUTs are different from the plasma membrane transporters in that they are driven by a proton electrochemical gradient across the vesicle membrane.
VGLUT 1 and VGLUT 2 show complementary expression patterns. Together, they are currently the best markers for glutamatergic nerve terminals and glutamatergic synapses.