Neurotensin, also referred to as NT or Nts is a 13 amino acid neuropeptide that is processed from a precursor protein that also contains the related neuromedin N. It has a highly conserved C-terminal portion (8–13) which is responsible for its biological activity.
Neurotensin is widely distributed throughout the central nervous system. The highest expression levels are seen in the hypothalamus, amygdala and nucleus accumbens. In the periphery, it is produced by endocrine cells (N cells) of the intestine, where it leads to secretion and smooth muscle contraction.
Neurotensin is involved in the regulation of dopamine pathways, in the maintenance of gut structure and function, and in the regulation of fat metabolism.
Neurotensin has been shown to produce a spectrum of pharmacological effects resembling those of antipsychotic drugs, leading to the suggestion that neurotensin may be an endogenous neuroleptic.