Synaptic Systems - Glycine receptor alpha1

Cat. No.: 146 111

Amount: 100 µg

Price: $415.00

Cat. No. 146 111	100 µg purified IgG, lyophilized. Albumin and azide were added for stabilization. For reconstitution add 100 µl H₂O to get a 1mg/ml solution in PBS. Then aliquot and store at -20°C to -80°C until use. Antibodies should be stored at +4°C when still lyophilized. Do not freeze!
Applications	WB: not recommended IP: yes ICC: 1 : 500 gallery IHC: 1 : 500 (see remarks) gallery IHC-P: not recommended EM: yes FLOWCYTOMETRY: yes Western blot (WB); separation of proteins by PAGE and subsequent transfer to a membrane. Detection of target molecules is carried out with antibodies. Some antibodies require special sample preparation steps. For details, please refer to the “Remarks” section. Immunoprecipitation (IP); Immunoisolation or pulldown of a target molecule using an antibody. For details and product specific hints, please refer to the ”Remarks” section. Immunocytochemistry (ICC) on 4% PFA fixed cells. Immunoreactivity is usually revealed by fluorescence. Some antibodies require special fixation methods. For details, please refer to the “Remarks” section. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) on 4% PFA perfusion fixed tissue with 24h PFA post fixation. Immunoreactivity is usually revealed by fluorescence or a chromogenic substrate. Some antibodies require special fixation methods or antigen retrieval steps. For details, please refer to the ”Remarks” section. Immunohistochemistry (IHC-P) of formalin fixed, paraffin embedded (FFPE) tissue (some antibodies require special antigen retrieval steps, please refer to the ”Remarks” section). Immunoreactivity is usually revealed by fluorescence or a chromogenic substrate. Electron microscopy (EM) is a microscopy technique that detects the scatter of electrons through thin tissue sections. In Immuno-EM the antigen is usually revealed by colloidal gold conjugated secondary antibodies linking electron dense structures to antigen-bound primary antibodies.
Clone	mAb2b
Subtype	IgG1 (κ light chain)
Immunogen	Nativ Protein corresponding to AA 1 to 457 from rat Glycine receptor α1 (UniProt Id: P07727)
Epitop	AA 29 to 39 from rat Glycine receptor α1 (UniProt Id: P07727)
Reactivity	Reacts with: human (P23415), rat (P07727), mouse (Q64018), pig, monkey. Other species not tested yet.
Remarks	IHC: To improve signal strength antigen retrieval (10mM citrate, pH 6.0, overnight at 60°C) is highly recommended.
Data sheet	146_111.pdf

References for Glycine receptor alpha1 - 146 111

Glycine Receptor β-Targeting Autoantibodies Contribute to the Pathology of Autoimmune Diseases.
Wiessler AL, Talucci I, Piro I, Seefried S, Hörlin V, Baykan BB, Tüzün E, Schaefer N, Maric HM, Sommer C, Villmann C, et al.
Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation (2024) 112: e200187. 146 111 WB, ICC; tested species: human,mouse

Glycine receptor autoantibody binding to the extracellular domain is independent from receptor glycosylation.
Rauschenberger V, Piro I, Kasaragod VB, Hörlin V, Eckes AL, Kluck CJ, Schindelin H, Meinck HM, Wickel J, Geis C, Tüzün E, et al.
Frontiers in molecular neuroscience (2023) 16: 1089101. 146 111 WB, UPTAKE; tested species: human

A proline-rich motif in the large intracellular loop of the glycine receptor α1 subunit interacts with the Pleckstrin homology domain of collybistin.
Breitinger U, Weinländer K, Pechmann Y, Langlhofer G, Enz R, Becker CM, Sticht H, Kneussel M, Villmann C, Breitinger HG
Journal of advanced research (2021) 29: 95-106. 146 111 WB, ICC, UPTAKE

Changes in neuronal excitability and synaptic transmission in nucleus accumbens in a transgenic Alzheimer's disease mouse model.
Fernández-Pérez EJ, Gallegos S, Armijo-Weingart L, Araya A, Riffo-Lepe NO, Cayuman F, Aguayo LG
Scientific reports (2020) 101: 19606. 146 111 WB, IHC; tested species: mouse

Glycine receptor is differentially expressed in the rat retina at early stages of streptozotocin-induced diabetes.
Morales-Calixto E, Velázquez-Flores MÁ, Sánchez-Chávez G, Ruiz Esparza-Garrido R, Salceda R
Neuroscience letters (2019) 712: 134506. 146 111 WB; tested species: rat

A novel glycine receptor variant with startle disease affects syndapin I and glycinergic inhibition.
Langlhofer G, Schaefer N, Maric HM, Keramidas A, Zhang Y, Baumann P, Blum R, Breitinger U, Strømgaard K, Schlosser A, Kessels MM, et al.
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience (2020) : . 146 111 IP, ICC; tested species: human,mouse

Role of the Glycine Receptor β Subunit in Synaptic Localization and Pathogenicity in Severe Startle Disease.
Wiessler AL, Hasenmüller AS, Fuhl I, Mille C, Cortes Campo O, Reinhard N, Schenk J, Heinze KG, Schaefer N, Specht CG, Villmann C, et al.
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience (2024) 442: . 146 111 ICC, IHC; tested species: mouse

Organization and emergence of a mixed GABA-glycine retinal circuit that provides inhibition to mouse ON-sustained alpha retinal ganglion cells.
Sawant A, Ebbinghaus BN, Bleckert A, Gamlin C, Yu WQ, Berson D, Rudolph U, Sinha R, Hoon M
Cell reports (2021) 3411: 108858. 146 111 ICC; tested species: mouse

Glycine Receptor Autoantibodies Impair Receptor Function and Induce Motor Dysfunction.
Rauschenberger V, von Wardenburg N, Schaefer N, Ogino K, Hirata H, Lillesaar C, Kluck CJ, Meinck HM, Borrmann M, Weishaupt A, Doppler K, et al.
Annals of neurology (2020) 883: 544-561. 146 111 ICC, UPTAKE; tested species: human

3D Electrophysiological Measurements on Cells Embedded within Fiber-Reinforced Matrigel.
Schaefer N, Janzen D, Bakirci E, Hrynevich A, Dalton PD, Villmann C
Advanced healthcare materials (2019) : e1801226. 146 111 ICC; tested species: mouse

The GlyR Extracellular β8-β9 Loop - A Functional Determinant of Agonist Potency.
Janzen D, Schaefer N, Delto C, Schindelin H, Villmann C
Frontiers in molecular neuroscience (2017) 10: 322. 146 111 ICC; tested species: human

Disturbed neuronal ER-Golgi sorting of unassembled glycine receptors suggests altered subcellular processing is a cause of human hyperekplexia.
Schaefer N, Kluck CJ, Price KL, Meiselbach H, Vornberger N, Schwarzinger S, Hartmann S, Langlhofer G, Schulz S, Schlegel N, Brockmann K, et al.
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience (2015) 351: 422-37. 146 111 ICC

Disturbances of Ligand Potency and Enhanced Degradation of the Human Glycine Receptor at Affected Positions G160 and T162 Originally Identified in Patients Suffering from Hyperekplexia.
Atak S, Langlhofer G, Schaefer N, Kessler D, Meiselbach H, Delto C, Schindelin H, Villmann C
Frontiers in molecular neuroscience (2015) 8: 79. 146 111 ICC; tested species: human

Effects of ethanol on glycinergic synaptic currents in mouse spinal cord neurons.
Mariqueo TA, Agurto A, Muñoz B, San Martin L, Coronado C, Fernández-Pérez EJ, Murath P, Sánchez A, Homanics GE, Aguayo LG
Journal of neurophysiology (2014) 11110: 1940-8. 146 111 ICC; tested species: mouse

Quantitative nanoscopy of inhibitory synapses: counting gephyrin molecules and receptor binding sites.
Specht CG, Izeddin I, Rodriguez PC, El Beheiry M, Rostaing P, Darzacq X, Dahan M, Triller A
Neuron (2013) 792: 308-21. 146 111 ICC, IHC; tested species: mouse

Differential control of thrombospondin over synaptic glycine and AMPA receptors in spinal cord neurons.
Hennekinne L, Colasse S, Triller A, Renner M
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience (2013) 3328: 11432-9. 146 111 ICC; tested species: rat

GSK3 and KIF5 regulate activity-dependent sorting of gephyrin between axons and dendrites.
Rathgeber L, Gromova KV, Schaefer I, Breiden P, Lohr C, Kneussel M
European journal of cell biology () 943-4: 173-8. 146 111 ICC

Activation-Dependent Rapid Postsynaptic Clustering of Glycine Receptors in Mature Spinal Cord Neurons.
Nakahata Y, Eto K, Murakoshi H, Watanabe M, Kuriu T, Hirata H, Moorhouse AJ, Ishibashi H, Nabekura J
eNeuro () 41: . 146 111 ICC

The developmental timing of spinal touch processing alterations predicts behavioral changes in genetic mouse models of autism spectrum disorders.
Tasnim A, Alkislar I, Hakim R, Turecek J, Abdelaziz A, Orefice LL, Ginty DD
Nature neuroscience (2024) : . 146 111 IHC; tested species: mouse

Neurotransmitter phenotype switching by spinal excitatory interneurons regulates locomotor recovery after spinal cord injury.
Bertels H, Vicente-Ortiz G, El Kanbi K, Takeoka A
Nature neuroscience (2022) 255: 617-629. 146 111 IHC; tested species: mouse

GABAA and Glycine Receptor-Mediated Inhibitory Synaptic Transmission onto Adult Rat Lamina IIi PKCγ-Interneurons: Pharmacological but Not Anatomical Specialization.
El Khoueiry C, Alba-Delgado C, Antri M, Gutierrez-Mecinas M, Todd AJ, Artola A, Dallel R
Cells (2022) 118: . 146 111 IHC; tested species: rat

A high-density narrow-field inhibitory retinal interneuron with direct coupling to Müller glia.
Grimes WN, Aytürk DG, Hoon M, Yoshimatsu T, Gamlin C, Carrera D, Nath A, Nadal-Nicolás FM, Ahlquist RM, Sabnis A, Berson DM, et al.
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience (2021) : . 146 111 IHC; tested species: mouse

Transient expression of a GABA receptor subunit during early development is critical for inhibitory synapse maturation and function.
Sinha R, Grimes WN, Wallin J, Ebbinghaus BN, Luu K, Cherry T, Rieke F, Rudolph U, Wong RO, Hoon M
Current biology : CB (2021) 3119: 4314-4326.e5. 146 111 IHC; tested species: mouse

Dendro-somatic synaptic inputs to ganglion cells contradict receptive field and connectivity conventions in the mammalian retina.
Grimes WN, Sedlacek M, Musgrove M, Nath A, Tian H, Hoon M, Rieke F, Singer JH, Diamond JS
Current biology : CB (2021) : . 146 111 IHC; tested species: mouse

Systemic delivery of human GlyR IgG antibody induces GlyR internalization into motor neurons of brainstem and spinal cord with motor dysfunction in mice.
Carvajal-González A, Jacobson L, Clover L, Wickremaratchi M, Shields S, Lang B, Vincent A
Neuropathology and applied neurobiology (2020) : . 146 111 IHC; tested species: mouse

Enhancing neuronal chloride extrusion rescues α2/α3 GABAA-mediated analgesia in neuropathic pain.
Lorenzo LE, Godin AG, Ferrini F, Bachand K, Plasencia-Fernandez I, Labrecque S, Girard AA, Boudreau D, Kianicka I, Gagnon M, Doyon N, et al.
Nature communications (2020) 111: 869. 146 111 IHC; tested species: rat

Distinct Developmental Mechanisms Act Independently to Shape Biased Synaptic Divergence from an Inhibitory Neuron.
Gamlin CR, Zhang C, Dyer MA, Wong ROL
Current biology : CB (2020) : . 146 111 IHC; tested species: mouse

Cochlear ablation in neonatal rats disrupts inhibitory transmission in the medial nucleus of the trapezoid body.
Hruskova B, Trojanova J, Kralikova M, Melichar A, Suchankova S, Bartosova J, Burianova JS, Popelar J, Syka J, Turecek R
Neuroscience letters (2019) : . 146 111 IHC; tested species: rat

PKA and PKC Modulators Affect Ion Channel Function and Internalization of Recombinant Alpha1 and Alpha1-Beta Glycine Receptors.
Breitinger U, Bahnassawy LM, Janzen D, Roemer V, Becker CM, Villmann C, Breitinger HG
Frontiers in molecular neuroscience (2018) 11: 154. 146 111 IHC; tested species: human

GlyT1 determines the glycinergic phenotype of amacrine cells in the mouse retina.
Eulenburg V, Knop G, Sedmak T, Schuster S, Hauf K, Schneider J, Feigenspan A, Joachimsthaler A, Brandstätter JH
Brain structure & function (2018) : . 146 111 IHC; tested species: mouse

Loss of Neuroligin3 specifically downregulates retinal GABAAα2 receptors without abolishing direction selectivity.
Hoon M, Krishnamoorthy V, Gollisch T, Falkenburger B, Varoqueaux F
PloS one (2017) 127: e0181011. 146 111 IHC; tested species: mouse

Disruption of a Structurally Important Extracellular Element in the Glycine Receptor Leads to Decreased Synaptic Integration and Signaling Resulting in Severe Startle Disease.
Schaefer N, Berger A, van Brederode J, Zheng F, Zhang Y, Leacock S, Littau L, Jablonka S, Malhotra S, Topf M, Winter F, et al.
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience (2017) 3733: 7948-7961. 146 111 IHC; tested species: mouse

Transmitter inputs to different motoneuron subgroups in the oculomotor and trochlear nucleus in monkey.
Zeeh C, Mustari MJ, Hess BJ, Horn AK
Frontiers in neuroanatomy (2015) 9: 95. 146 111 IHC

Morphology and connectivity of the small bistratified A8 amacrine cell in the mouse retina.
Lee SC, Meyer A, Schubert T, Hüser L, Dedek K, Haverkamp S
The Journal of comparative neurology (2015) 52310: 1529-47. 146 111 IHC

Gephyrin clusters are absent from small diameter primary afferent terminals despite the presence of GABA(A) receptors.
Lorenzo LE, Godin AG, Wang F, St-Louis M, Carbonetto S, Wiseman PW, Ribeiro-da-Silva A, De Koninck Y
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience (2014) 3424: 8300-17. 146 111 IHC; tested species: rat

The rod pathway of the microbat retina has bistratified rod bipolar cells and tristratified AII amacrine cells.
Müller B, Butz E, Peichl L, Haverkamp S
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience (2013) 333: 1014-23. 146 111 IHC

Developmental regulation and activity-dependent maintenance of GABAergic presynaptic inhibition onto rod bipolar cell axonal terminals.
Schubert T, Hoon M, Euler T, Lukasiewicz PD, Wong RO
Neuron (2013) 781: 124-37. 146 111 IHC; tested species: mouse

Selective glycine receptor α2 subunit control of crossover inhibition between the on and off retinal pathways.
Nobles RD, Zhang C, Müller U, Betz H, McCall MA
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience (2012) 3210: 3321-32. 146 111 IHC; tested species: mouse

Differential distribution of glycine receptor subtypes at the rat calyx of Held synapse.
Hruskova B, Trojanova J, Kulik A, Kralikova M, Pysanenko K, Bures Z, Syka J, Trussell LO, Turecek R
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience (2012) 3247: 17012-24. 146 111 IHC, EM

Immunohistochemical identification and synaptic inputs to the diffuse bipolar cell type DB1 in macaque retina.
Puthussery T, Gayet-Primo J, Taylor WR, Haverkamp S
The Journal of comparative neurology (2011) 51918: 3640-56. 146 111 IHC; tested species: monkey

Age-related changes of glycine receptor at the rat hippocampus: from the embryo to the adult.
Aroeira RI, Ribeiro JA, Sebastião AM, Valente CA
Journal of neurochemistry (2011) 1183: 339-53. 146 111 IHC; tested species: rat

Neuroligin-4 is localized to glycinergic postsynapses and regulates inhibition in the retina.
Hoon M, Soykan T, Falkenburger B, Hammer M, Patrizi A, Schmidt KF, Sassoè-Pognetto M, Löwel S, Moser T, Taschenberger H, Brose N, et al.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (2011) 1087: 3053-8. 146 111 IHC

Action potential generation at an axon initial segment-like process in the axonless retinal AII amacrine cell.
Wu C, Ivanova E, Cui J, Lu Q, Pan ZH
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience (2011) 3141: 14654-9. 146 111 IHC; tested species: mouse

Differential localization of gamma-aminobutyric acid type A and glycine receptor subunits and gephyrin in the human pons, medulla oblongata and uppermost cervical segment of the spinal cord: an immunohistochemical study.
Waldvogel HJ, Baer K, Eady E, Allen KL, Gilbert RT, Mohler H, Rees MI, Nicholson LF, Faull RL
The Journal of comparative neurology (2010) 5183: 305-28. 146 111 IHC; tested species: human

Differential plasticity of the GABAergic and glycinergic synaptic transmission to rat lumbar motoneurons after spinal cord injury.
Sadlaoud K, Tazerart S, Brocard C, Jean-Xavier C, Portalier P, Brocard F, Vinay L, Bras H
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience (2010) 309: 3358-69. 146 111 IHC

Localization of glycine receptors in the human forebrain, brainstem, and cervical spinal cord: an immunohistochemical review.
Baer K, Waldvogel HJ, Faull RL, Rees MI
Frontiers in molecular neuroscience (2009) 2: 25. 146 111 IHC

Immunohistochemical staining of post-mortem adult human brain sections.
Waldvogel HJ, Curtis MA, Baer K, Rees MI, Faull RL
Nature protocols (2006) 16: 2719-32. 146 111 IHC; tested species: human

Neuroligins determine synapse maturation and function.
Varoqueaux F, Aramuni G, Rawson RL, Mohrmann R, Missler M, Gottmann K, Zhang W, Südhof TC, Brose N
Neuron (2006) 516: 741-54. 146 111 IHC

Neurochemical anatomy of the zebrafish retina as determined by immunocytochemistry.
Yazulla S, Studholme KM
Journal of neurocytology (2001) 307: 551-92. 146 111 IHC; tested species: zebrafish

Glycinergic miniature synaptic currents and receptor cluster sizes differ between spinal cord interneurons.
Oleskevich S, Alvarez FJ, Walmsley B
Journal of neurophysiology (1999) 821: 312-9. 146 111 IHC

Elucidating the Molecular Basis for Inhibitory Neurotransmission Regulation by Artemisinins.
Kasaragod VB, Hausrat TJ, Schaefer N, Kuhn M, Christensen NR, Tessmer I, Maric HM, Madsen KL, Sotriffer C, Villmann C, Kneussel M, et al.
Neuron (2019) 1014: 673-689.e11. 146 111 UPTAKE; tested species: human

Reduced synaptic clustering of GABA and glycine receptors in the retina of the gephyrin null mutant mouse.
Fischer F, Kneussel M, Tintrup H, Haverkamp S, Rauen T, Betz H, Wässle H
The Journal of comparative neurology (2000) 4274: 634-48. 146 111

Expression and mRNA splicing of glycine receptor subunits and gephyrin during neuronal differentiation of P19 cells in vitro, studied by RT-PCR and immunocytochemistry.
Heck S, Enz R, Richter-Landsberg C, Blohm DH
Brain research. Developmental brain research (1997) 982: 211-20. 146 111

Mapping of antigenic epitopes on the alpha 1 subunit of the inhibitory glycine receptor.
Schröder S, Hoch W, Becker CM, Grenningloh G, Betz H
Biochemistry (1991) 301: 42-7. 146 111

Monoclonal antibodies and peptide mapping reveal structural similarities between the subunits of the glycine receptor of rat spinal cord.
Pfeiffer F, Simler R, Grenningloh G, Betz H
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (1984) 8122: 7224-7. 146 111

Cat. No.: 146 111

Amount: 100 µg

Price: $415.00

Transmitter inputs to different motoneuron subgroups in the oculomotor and trochlear nucleus in monkey.
Zeeh C, Mustari MJ, Hess BJ, Horn AK
Frontiers in neuroanatomy (2015) 9: 95. 146 111 IHC

Immunohistochemical staining of post-mortem adult human brain sections.
Waldvogel HJ, Curtis MA, Baer K, Rees MI, Faull RL
Nature protocols (2006) 16: 2719-32. 146 111 IHC; tested species: human

Neuroligins determine synapse maturation and function.
Varoqueaux F, Aramuni G, Rawson RL, Mohrmann R, Missler M, Gottmann K, Zhang W, Südhof TC, Brose N
Neuron (2006) 516: 741-54. 146 111 IHC

Neurochemical anatomy of the zebrafish retina as determined by immunocytochemistry.
Yazulla S, Studholme KM
Journal of neurocytology (2001) 307: 551-92. 146 111 IHC; tested species: zebrafish

Mapping of antigenic epitopes on the alpha 1 subunit of the inhibitory glycine receptor.
Schröder S, Hoch W, Becker CM, Grenningloh G, Betz H
Biochemistry (1991) 301: 42-7. 146 111

ICC

IHC

Background

The inhibitory glycine receptor (GlyR) is a member of the ligand-gated ion channel superfamily of neurotransmitter receptors. It is an oligomeric protein composed of homologous subunits (α 1-4 and β) with four transmembrane segments (M1-M4) each.
It shows a widespread expression profile in brain. Several isoforms and splice variants with distinct pharmacology have been discovered so far.

1 ) Bechade C et al., Eur. J. Neurosci. (1996)
2 ) Becker CM et al., J. Neurosci. (1986)
3 ) Altschuler RA et al., Brain Res. (1986)
4 ) Triller A et al., J. Cell Biol. (1985)
5 ) Graham D et al., Biochemistry (1985)

Protocols

Standard protocol

ICC

IHC

Other products for this target

Glycine receptor alpha1 antibody - 146 111

References for Glycine receptor alpha1 - 146 111