Synaptic Systems

Cat. No.: 135 402

Amount: 200 µl

Price: $360.00

Cat. No. 135 402	200 µl antiserum, lyophilized. For reconstitution add 200 µl H₂O, then aliquot and store at -20°C until use. Antibodies should be stored at +4°C when still lyophilized. Do not freeze!
Applications	WB: 1 : 1000 up to 1 : 10000 (AP staining) (see remarks) gallery IP: yes ICC: 1 : 500 gallery IHC: 1 : 250 up to 1 : 1000 gallery IHC-P: 1 : 500 gallery ExM: 1 : 250 (see remarks) gallery Western blot (WB); separation of proteins by PAGE and subsequent transfer to a membrane. Detection of target molecules is carried out with antibodies. Some antibodies require special sample preparation steps. For details, please refer to the “Remarks” section. Immunoprecipitation (IP); Immunoisolation or pulldown of a target molecule using an antibody. For details and product specific hints, please refer to the ”Remarks” section. Immunocytochemistry (ICC) on 4% PFA fixed cells. Immunoreactivity is usually revealed by fluorescence. Some antibodies require special fixation methods. For details, please refer to the “Remarks” section. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) on 4% PFA perfusion fixed tissue with 24h PFA post fixation. Immunoreactivity is usually revealed by fluorescence or a chromogenic substrate. Some antibodies require special fixation methods or antigen retrieval steps. For details, please refer to the ”Remarks” section. Immunohistochemistry (IHC-P) of formalin fixed, paraffin embedded (FFPE) tissue (some antibodies require special antigen retrieval steps, please refer to the ”Remarks” section). Immunoreactivity is usually revealed by fluorescence or a chromogenic substrate. Expansion Microscopy (ExM) is a sample preparation and imaging method which employs a dense interconnected web of swellable polymer within a biological specimen. A significantly higher effective resolution can be achieved with a standard microscope setup. For additional experimental details, please refer to the Remarks section.
Immunogen	Synthetic peptide corresponding to residues near the carboxy terminus of rat VGLUT2 (UniProt Id: Q9JI12)
Reactivity	Reacts with: human (Q9P2U8), rat (Q9JI12), mouse (Q8BLE7), chicken. Other species not tested yet.
Matching control protein/peptide	135-4P
Remarks	This antibody is highly recommended as a marker for glutamatergic nerve terminals. WB: VGLUT 2 aggregates after boiling, making it necessary to run SDS-PAGE with non-boiled samples. ExM: This antibody has been successfully used for the magnified analysis of the proteome (MAP) expansion microscopy method (MAP; Ku et al. 2016. Nature Biotechnology 34:973-981)
Data sheet	135_402.pdf

References for VGLUT2 - 135 402

Suggestion of creatine as a new neurotransmitter by approaches ranging from chemical analysis and biochemistry to electrophysiology.
Bian X, Zhu J, Jia X, Liang W, Yu S, Li Z, Zhang W, Rao Y
eLife (2023) 12: . 135 402 WB; tested species: mouse

Localization, proteomics, and metabolite profiling reveal a putative vesicular transporter for UDP-glucose.
Qian C, Wu Z, Sun R, Yu H, Zeng J, Rao Y, Li Y
eLife (2021) 10: . 135 402 WB; tested species: mouse

Vesicular Glutamate Transporters (SLCA17 A6, 7, 8) Control Synaptic Phosphate Levels.
Cheret C, Ganzella M, Preobraschenski J, Jahn R, Ahnert-Hilger G
Cell reports (2021) 342: 108623. 135 402 WB, ICC; tested species: human,mouse

Protein changes in synaptosomes of Huntington's disease knock-in mice are dependent on age and brain region.
Sapp E, Seeley C, Iuliano M, Weisman E, Vodicka P, DiFiglia M, Kegel-Gleason KB
Neurobiology of disease (2020) 141: 104950. 135 402 WB; tested species: mouse

Merlin modulates process outgrowth and synaptogenesis in the cerebellum.
Toledo A, Lang F, Doengi M, Morrison H, Stein V, Baader SL
Brain structure & function (2019) : . 135 402 WB, IHC; tested species: mouse

VGLUT1 Binding to Endophilin or Intersectin1 and Dynamin Phosphorylation in a Diurnal Context.
Richter K, Schmutz I, Darna M, Zander JF, Chavan R, Albrecht U, Ahnert-Hilger G
Neuroscience (2018) 371: 29-37. 135 402 WB; tested species: mouse

Expression of vesicular glutamate transporters VGLUT1 and VGLUT2 in the rat dental pulp and trigeminal ganglion following inflammation.
Yang ES, Jin MU, Hong JH, Kim YS, Choi SY, Kim TH, Cho YS, Bae YC
PloS one (2014) 910: e109723. 135 402 WB, IHC

Regulation of glutamate release by heteromeric nicotinic receptors in layer V of the secondary motor region (Fr2) in the dorsomedial shoulder of prefrontal cortex in mouse.
Aracri P, Amadeo A, Pasini ME, Fascio U, Becchetti A
Synapse (New York, N.Y.) (2013) 676: 338-57. 135 402 WB, IHC; tested species: mouse

A Human Neuron/Astrocyte Co-culture to Model Seeded and Spontaneous Intraneuronal Tau Aggregation.
Batenburg KL, Rohde SK, Cornelissen-Steijger P, Breeuwsma N, Heine VM, Scheper W
Current protocols (2023) 310: e900. 135 402 ICC; tested species: human

Heterogeneity of neurons reprogrammed from spinal cord astrocytes by the proneural factors Ascl1 and Neurogenin2.
Kempf J, Knelles K, Hersbach BA, Petrik D, Riedemann T, Bednarova V, Janjic A, Simon-Ebert T, Enard W, Smialowski P, Götz M, et al.
Cell reports (2021) 363: 109409. 135 402 ICC; tested species: mouse

Glutamate and GABA in Vestibulo-Sympathetic Pathway Neurons.
Holstein GR, Friedrich VL, Martinelli GP
Frontiers in neuroanatomy (2016) 10: 7. 135 402 ICC

Dopamine neurons in culture express VGLUT2 explaining their capacity to release glutamate at synapses in addition to dopamine.
Dal Bo G, St-Gelais F, Danik M, Williams S, Cotton M, Trudeau LE
Journal of neurochemistry (2004) 886: 1398-405. 135 402 ICC; tested species: rat

Differential targeting of the L-type Ca2+ channel alpha 1C (CaV1.2) to synaptic and extrasynaptic compartments in hippocampal neurons.
Obermair GJ, Szabo Z, Bourinet E, Flucher BE
The European journal of neuroscience (2004) 198: 2109-22. 135 402 ICC; tested species: mouse

A novel image segmentation method based on spatial autocorrelation identifies A-type potassium channel clusters in the thalamus.
Dávid C, Giber K, Kerti-Szigeti K, Köllő M, Nusser Z, Acsady L
eLife (2024) 12: . 135 402 IHC; tested species: mouse

Transplantation of dorsal root ganglia overexpressing the NaChBac sodium channel improves locomotion after complete SCI.
Hingorani S, Paniagua Soriano G, Sánchez Huertas C, Villalba Riquelme EM, López Mocholi E, Martínez Rojas B, Alastrué Agudo A, Dupraz S, Ferrer Montiel AV, Moreno Manzano V
Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy (2024) : . 135 402 IHC; tested species: rat

Synaptic circuits involving gastrin-releasing peptide receptor-expressing neurons in the dorsal horn of the mouse spinal cord.
Quillet R, Gutierrez-Mecinas M, Polgár E, Dickie AC, Boyle KA, Watanabe M, Todd AJ
Frontiers in molecular neuroscience (2023) 16: 1294994. 135 402 IHC; tested species: mouse

Collagen XIX is required for pheromone recognition and glutamatergic synapse formation in mouse accessory olfactory bulb.
Amos C, Fox MA, Su J
Frontiers in cellular neuroscience (2023) 17: 1157577. 135 402 IHC; tested species: mouse

Post-weaning social isolation in male mice leads to abnormal aggression and disrupted network organization in the prefrontal cortex: Contribution of parvalbumin interneurons with or without perineuronal nets.
Biro L, Miskolczi C, Szebik H, Bruzsik B, Varga ZK, Szente L, Toth M, Halasz J, Mikics E
Neurobiology of stress (2023) 25: 100546. 135 402 IHC; tested species: mouse

NaV1.1 haploinsufficiency impairs glutamatergic and GABAergic neuron function in the thalamus.
Studtmann C, Ladislav M, Topolski MA, Safari M, Swanger SA
Neurobiology of disease (2022) 167: 105672. 135 402 IHC; tested species: mouse

When the front fails, the rear wins. Cerebellar correlates of prefrontal dysfunction in cocaine-induced memory in male rats.
Guarque-Chabrera J, Gil-Miravet I, Olucha-Bordonau F, Melchor-Eixea I, Miquel M
Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry (2022) 112: 110429. 135 402 IHC; tested species: rat

Layer-Specific Vesicular Glutamate Transporter 1 Immunofluorescence Levels Delineate All Layers of the Human Hippocampus Including the Stratum lucidum.
Woelfle S, Boeckers TM
Frontiers in cellular neuroscience (2021) 15: 789903. 135 402 IHC; tested species: human

Genetic ablation of the Rho GTPase Rnd3 triggers developmental defects in internal capsule and the globus pallidus formation.
Marfull-Oromí P, Fleitas C, Zammou B, Rocandio D, Ballester-Lurbe B, Terrado J, Perez-Roger I, Espinet C, Egea J
Journal of neurochemistry (2021) 1582: 197-216. 135 402 IHC; tested species: mouse

Molecular and structural basis of olfactory sensory neuron axon coalescence by Kirrel receptors.
Wang J, Vaddadi N, Pak JS, Park Y, Quilez S, Roman CA, Dumontier E, Thornton JW, Cloutier JF, Özkan E
Cell reports (2021) 375: 109940. 135 402 IHC; tested species: mouse

Evidence that synaptic plasticity of glutamatergic inputs onto KNDy neurones during the ovine follicular phase is dependent on increasing levels of oestradiol.
Porter DT, Goodman RL, Hileman SM, Lehman MN
Journal of neuroendocrinology (2021) 333: e12945. 135 402 IHC; tested species: sheep

Synaptic organisation and behaviour-dependent activity of mGluR8a-innervated GABAergic trilaminar cells projecting from the hippocampus to the subiculum.
Katona L, Hartwich K, Tomioka R, Somogyi J, Roberts JDB, Wagner K, Joshi A, Klausberger T, Rockland KS, Somogyi P
Brain structure & function (2020) 2252: 705-734. 135 402 IHC; tested species: mouse,rat

Slow NMDA-mediated excitation accelerates offset-response latencies generated via a post-inhibitory rebound mechanism.
Rajaram E, Kaltenbach C, Fischl MJ, Mrowka L, Alexandrova O, Grothe B, Hennig MH, Kopp-Scheinpflug C
eNeuro (2019) : . 135 402 IHC; tested species: mouse

Characterization of perinatally born glutamatergic neurons of the mouse olfactory bulb based on NeuroD6 expression reveals their resistance to sensory deprivation.
Angelova A, Platel JC, Béclin C, Cremer H, Coré N
The Journal of comparative neurology (2019) 5277: 1245-1260. 135 402 IHC; tested species: mouse

Kirrel2 is differentially required in populations of olfactory sensory neurons for the targeting of axons in the olfactory bulb.
Vaddadi N, Iversen K, Raja R, Phen A, Brignall A, Dumontier E, Cloutier JF
Development (Cambridge, England) (2019) 14611: . 135 402 IHC; tested species: mouse

Amot and Yap1 regulate neuronal dendritic tree complexity and locomotor coordination in mice.
Rojek KO, Krzemień J, Doleżyczek H, Boguszewski PM, Kaczmarek L, Konopka W, Rylski M, Jaworski J, Holmgren L, Prószyński TJ
PLoS biology (2019) 175: e3000253. 135 402 IHC; tested species: mouse

Spinal motor circuit synaptic plasticity after peripheral nerve injury depends on microglia activation and a CCR2 mechanism.
Rotterman TM, Akhter ET, Lane AR, MacPherson KP, Garcia VV, Tansey MG, Alvarez FJ
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience (2019) : . 135 402 IHC; tested species: mouse

SPATIAL DETERMINATION OF NEURONAL DIVERSIFICATION IN THE OLFACTORY EPITHELIUM.
Coleman JH, Lin B, Louie JD, Peterson J, Lane RP, Schwob JE
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience (2018) : . 135 402 IHC; tested species: mouse

Mapping GABA and Glutamate inputs to gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurones in male and female mice.
Moore AM, Abbott G, Mair J, Prescott M, Campbell RE
Journal of neuroendocrinology (2018) : e12657. 135 402 IHC; tested species: mouse

Distribution and development of molecularly distinct perineuronal nets in visual thalamus.
Sabbagh U, Monavarfeshani A, Su K, Zabet-Moghadam M, Cole J, Carnival E, Su J, Mirzaei M, Gupta V, Salekdeh GH, Fox MA, et al.
Journal of neurochemistry (2018) : . 135 402 IHC; tested species: mouse

LRRTM1 underlies synaptic convergence in visual thalamus.
Monavarfeshani A, Stanton G, Van Name J, Su K, Mills WA, Swilling K, Kerr A, Huebschman NA, Su J, Fox MA
eLife (2018) 7: . 135 402 IHC; tested species: mouse

The basal interstitial nucleus (BIN) of the cerebellum provides diffuse ascending inhibitory input to the floccular granule cell layer.
Jaarsma D, Blot FGC, Wu B, Venkatesan S, Voogd J, Meijer D, Ruigrok TJH, Gao Z, Schonewille M, De Zeeuw CI
The Journal of comparative neurology (2018) : . 135 402 IHC; tested species: mouse

ATXN1-CIC Complex Is the Primary Driver of Cerebellar Pathology in Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 1 through a Gain-of-Function Mechanism.
Rousseaux MWC, Tschumperlin T, Lu HC, Lackey EP, Bondar VV, Wan YW, Tan Q, Adamski CJ, Friedrich J, Twaroski K, Chen W, et al.
Neuron (2018) 976: 1235-1243.e5. 135 402 IHC; tested species: mouse

Vesicular glutamate transporter 1 (VGLUT1)- and VGLUT2-immunopositive axon terminals on the rat jaw-closing and jaw-opening motoneurons.
Park SK, Ko SJ, Paik SK, Rah JC, Lee KJ, Bae YC
Brain structure & function (2018) : . 135 402 IHC, EM; tested species: rat

Identification of a novel synaptic protein, TMTC3, involved in periventricular nodular heterotopia with intellectual disability and epilepsy.
Farhan SMK, Nixon KCJ, Everest M, Edwards TN, Long S, Segal D, Knip MJ, Arts HH, Chakrabarti R, Wang J, Robinson JF, et al.
Human molecular genetics (2017) 2621: 4278-4289. 135 402 IHC; tested species: rat

Regulation of body weight and energy homeostasis by neuronal cell adhesion molecule 1.
Rathjen T, Yan X, Kononenko NL, Ku MC, Song K, Ferrarese L, Tarallo V, Puchkov D, Kochlamazashvili G, Brachs S, Varela L, et al.
Nature neuroscience (2017) 208: 1096-1103. 135 402 IHC; tested species: mouse

Developmental changes in synaptic distribution in arcuate nucleus neurons.
Baquero AF, Kirigiti MA, Baquero KC, Lee SJ, Smith MS, Grove KL
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience (2015) 3522: 8558-69. 135 402 IHC; tested species: mouse

Acoustic overexposure increases the expression of VGLUT-2 mediated projections from the lateral vestibular nucleus to the dorsal cochlear nucleus.
Barker M, Solinski HJ, Hashimoto H, Tagoe T, Pilati N, Hamann M
PloS one (2012) 75: e35955. 135 402 IHC; tested species: rat

Neuronal MHC class I molecules are involved in excitatory synaptic transmission at the hippocampal mossy fiber synapses of marmoset monkeys.
Ribic A, Zhang M, Schlumbohm C, Mätz-Rensing K, Uchanska-Ziegler B, Flügge G, Zhang W, Walter L, Fuchs E
Cellular and molecular neurobiology (2010) 306: 827-39. 135 402 IHC

A balance between excitatory and inhibitory synapses is controlled by PSD-95 and neuroligin.
Prange O, Wong TP, Gerrow K, Wang YT, El-Husseini A
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (2004) 10138: 13915-20. 135 402 IHC; tested species: rat

Expression of the transcription factor, tailless, is required for formation of superficial cortical layers.
Land PW, Monaghan AP
Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) (2003) 139: 921-31. 135 402 IHC; tested species: mouse

Synaptic Organization of VGLUT3 Expressing Low-Threshold Mechanosensitive C Fiber Terminals in the Rodent Spinal Cord.
Larsson M, Broman J
eNeuro () 61: . 135 402 IHC; tested species: rat

Transmitter inputs to different motoneuron subgroups in the oculomotor and trochlear nucleus in monkey.
Zeeh C, Mustari MJ, Hess BJ, Horn AK
Frontiers in neuroanatomy (2015) 9: 95. 135 402 IHC-P

Hippocampal distribution of vesicular glutamate transporter 1 in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy.
van der Hel WS, Verlinde SA, Meijer DH, de Wit M, Rensen MG, van Gassen KL, van Rijen PC, van Veelen CW, de Graan PN
Epilepsia (2009) 507: 1717-28. 135 402 IHC-P; tested species: human

Development of astrocyte morphology and function in mouse visual thalamus.
Somaiya RD, Huebschman NA, Chaunsali L, Sabbagh U, Carrillo GL, Tewari BP, Fox MA
The Journal of comparative neurology (2021) : . 135 402 EM; tested species: mouse

Synaptic and vesicular coexistence of VGLUT and VGAT in selected excitatory and inhibitory synapses.
Zander JF, Münster-Wandowski A, Brunk I, Pahner I, Gómez-Lira G, Heinemann U, Gutiérrez R, Laube G, Ahnert-Hilger G
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience (2010) 3022: 7634-45. 135 402 EM; tested species: rat

Cat. No.: 135 402

Amount: 200 µl

Price: $360.00

Glutamate and GABA in Vestibulo-Sympathetic Pathway Neurons.
Holstein GR, Friedrich VL, Martinelli GP
Frontiers in neuroanatomy (2016) 10: 7. 135 402 ICC

Synaptic Organization of VGLUT3 Expressing Low-Threshold Mechanosensitive C Fiber Terminals in the Rodent Spinal Cord.
Larsson M, Broman J
eNeuro () 61: . 135 402 IHC; tested species: rat

Transmitter inputs to different motoneuron subgroups in the oculomotor and trochlear nucleus in monkey.
Zeeh C, Mustari MJ, Hess BJ, Horn AK
Frontiers in neuroanatomy (2015) 9: 95. 135 402 IHC-P

ICC

IHC

IHC-P

ExM

Background

The vesicular glutamate transporter 2 VGLUT 2, also referred to as DNPI and SLC17A6, has a more restricted expression than the related VGLUT 1. Like VGLUT 1, it is both necessary and sufficient for uptake and storage of glutamate and thus comprises the sole determinant for a glutamatergic phenotype. Both VGLUTs are different from the plasma membrane transporters in that they are driven by a proton electrochemical gradient across the vesicle membrane.
VGLUT 1 and VGLUT 2 show complementary expression patterns. Together, they are currently the best markers for glutamatergic nerve terminals and glutamatergic synapses.

1 ) Takamori S et al., J. Neurosci. (2001)
2 ) Fremeau RT et al., Neuron (2001)
3 ) Fujiyama F et al., J. Comp. Neurol. (2001)
4 ) Aihara Y et al., J. Neurochem. (2000)

Protocols

Standard protocol

ICC

IHC

IHC-P

OTHER

Preabsorbtion

Other products for this target

VGLUT2 antibody - 135 402

References for VGLUT2 - 135 402