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VGAT antibody luminal domain - 131 103C3 K.O.

VGAT or VIAAT is the GABA and glycine transporter in the membrane of synaptic vesicles
Rabbit polyclonal purified antibody
Cat. No.: 131 103C3
Amount: 50 µg
Price: $780.00
Cat. No. 131 103C3 50 µg specific antibody, lyophilized. Affinity purified with the immunogen, fluorescence-labeled with Cyanine 3.

Fluorescence labeled antibodies conjugated to (Sulfo-)Cyanine dyes are well suited for standard epi-fluorescence setups and confocal microscopy.

Cyanine 2: λex 492 nm / λem 508 nm
Sulfo-Cyanine 3: λex 554 nm / λem 568 nm
Sulfo-Cyanine 5: λex 649 nm / λem 667 nm

(Sulfo-)Cyanine 5 dyes are well suited for STORM high resolution microscopy.
Sulfo-Cyanines are highly water soluble and allow a higher labeling degree and consequently brighter conjugates.

Albumin was added for stabilization. For reconstitution add 50 µl H2O to get a 1mg/ml solution in PBS. Either add 1:1 (v/v) glycerol, then aliquot and store at -20°C until use, or store aliquots at -80°C without additives.
Reconstitute immediately upon receipt! Avoid bright light when working with the antibody to minimize photo bleeching of the fluorescent dye.
Applications
 
WB: N/A
IP: N/A
ICC: 1 : 100 up to 1 : 200 (see remarks) gallery  
IHC: yes
IHC-P: not tested yet
Label Sulfo-Cyanine 3
Immunogen Synthetic peptide corresponding to residues near the carboxy terminus of rat VGAT (UniProt Id: O35458)
Reactivity Reacts with: human (Q9H598), rat (O35458), mouse (O35633).
Other species not tested yet.
Specificity K.O. validated
Remarks

ICC: This antibody is intended for labeling of recycling synaptic vesicles at inhibitory nerve terminals by adding to living neurons. Further details see Martens et al. 2008.

Data sheet 131_103c3.pdf

References for VGAT - 131 103C3

Clathrin-independent endocytic retrieval of SV proteins mediated by the clathrin adaptor AP-2 at mammalian central synapses.
López-Hernández T, Takenaka KI, Mori Y, Kongpracha P, Nagamori S, Haucke V, Takamori S
eLife (2022) 11: . 131 103C3 ICC; tested species: mouse
Endogenous β-neurexins on axons and within synapses show regulated dynamic behavior.
Klatt O, Repetto D, Brockhaus J, Reissner C, El Khallouqi A, Rohlmann A, Heine M, Missler M
Cell reports (2021) 3511: 109266. 131 103C3 ICC, UPTAKE; tested species: mouse
Inter-Synaptic Lateral Diffusion of GABAA Receptors Shapes Inhibitory Synaptic Currents.
de Luca E, Ravasenga T, Petrini EM, Polenghi A, Nieus T, Guazzi S, Barberis A
Neuron (2017) 951: 63-69.e5. 131 103C3 ICC; tested species: mouse
Regulated Dynamic Trafficking of Neurexins Inside and Outside of Synaptic Terminals.
Neupert C, Schneider R, Klatt O, Reissner C, Repetto D, Biermann B, Niesmann K, Missler M, Heine M
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience (2015) 3540: 13629-47. 131 103C3 ICC
Synaptic recruitment of gephyrin regulates surface GABAA receptor dynamics for the expression of inhibitory LTP.
Petrini EM, Ravasenga T, Hausrat TJ, Iurilli G, Olcese U, Racine V, Sibarita JB, Jacob TC, Moss SJ, Benfenati F, Medini P, et al.
Nature communications (2014) 5: 3921. 131 103C3 ICC, IHC; tested species: mouse
Unique luminal localization of VGAT-C terminus allows for selective labeling of active cortical GABAergic synapses.
Martens H, Weston MC, Boulland JL, Grønborg M, Grosche J, Kacza J, Hoffmann A, Matteoli M, Takamori S, Harkany T, Chaudhry FA, et al.
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience (2008) 2849: 13125-31. 131 103C3 ICC, UPTAKE; tested species: rat
Synaptic recruitment of gephyrin regulates surface GABAA receptor dynamics for the expression of inhibitory LTP.
Petrini EM, Ravasenga T, Hausrat TJ, Iurilli G, Olcese U, Racine V, Sibarita JB, Jacob TC, Moss SJ, Benfenati F, Medini P, et al.
Nature communications (2014) 5: 3921. 131 103C3 ICC, IHC; tested species: mouse
Spatial regulation of coordinated excitatory and inhibitory synaptic plasticity at dendritic synapses.
Ravasenga T, Ruben M, Regio V, Polenghi A, Petrini EM, Barberis A
Cell reports (2022) 386: 110347. 131 103C3 UPTAKE; tested species: mouse
Endogenous β-neurexins on axons and within synapses show regulated dynamic behavior.
Klatt O, Repetto D, Brockhaus J, Reissner C, El Khallouqi A, Rohlmann A, Heine M, Missler M
Cell reports (2021) 3511: 109266. 131 103C3 ICC, UPTAKE; tested species: mouse
Fast Regulation of GABAAR Diffusion Dynamics by Nogo-A Signaling.
Fricke S, Metzdorf K, Ohm M, Haak S, Heine M, Korte M, Zagrebelsky M
Cell reports (2019) 293: 671-684.e6. 131 103C3 UPTAKE; tested species: mouse
Vesicular glutamate transporter 1 orchestrates recruitment of other synaptic vesicle cargo proteins during synaptic vesicle recycling.
Pan PY, Marrs J, Ryan TA
The Journal of biological chemistry (2015) 29037: 22593-601. 131 103C3 UPTAKE
Unique luminal localization of VGAT-C terminus allows for selective labeling of active cortical GABAergic synapses.
Martens H, Weston MC, Boulland JL, Grønborg M, Grosche J, Kacza J, Hoffmann A, Matteoli M, Takamori S, Harkany T, Chaudhry FA, et al.
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience (2008) 2849: 13125-31. 131 103C3 ICC, UPTAKE; tested species: rat
Activity-Dependent Inhibitory Synapse Scaling Is Determined by Gephyrin Phosphorylation and Subsequent Regulation of GABAA Receptor Diffusion.
Battaglia S, Renner M, Russeau M, Côme E, Tyagarajan SK, Lévi S
eNeuro () 51: . 131 103C3 UPTAKE; tested species: rat
Cat. No.: 131 103C3
Amount: 50 µg
Price: $780.00
Clathrin-independent endocytic retrieval of SV proteins mediated by the clathrin adaptor AP-2 at mammalian central synapses.
López-Hernández T, Takenaka KI, Mori Y, Kongpracha P, Nagamori S, Haucke V, Takamori S
eLife (2022) 11: . 131 103C3 ICC; tested species: mouse
Endogenous β-neurexins on axons and within synapses show regulated dynamic behavior.
Klatt O, Repetto D, Brockhaus J, Reissner C, El Khallouqi A, Rohlmann A, Heine M, Missler M
Cell reports (2021) 3511: 109266. 131 103C3 ICC, UPTAKE; tested species: mouse
Inter-Synaptic Lateral Diffusion of GABAA Receptors Shapes Inhibitory Synaptic Currents.
de Luca E, Ravasenga T, Petrini EM, Polenghi A, Nieus T, Guazzi S, Barberis A
Neuron (2017) 951: 63-69.e5. 131 103C3 ICC; tested species: mouse
Regulated Dynamic Trafficking of Neurexins Inside and Outside of Synaptic Terminals.
Neupert C, Schneider R, Klatt O, Reissner C, Repetto D, Biermann B, Niesmann K, Missler M, Heine M
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience (2015) 3540: 13629-47. 131 103C3 ICC
Synaptic recruitment of gephyrin regulates surface GABAA receptor dynamics for the expression of inhibitory LTP.
Petrini EM, Ravasenga T, Hausrat TJ, Iurilli G, Olcese U, Racine V, Sibarita JB, Jacob TC, Moss SJ, Benfenati F, Medini P, et al.
Nature communications (2014) 5: 3921. 131 103C3 ICC, IHC; tested species: mouse
Unique luminal localization of VGAT-C terminus allows for selective labeling of active cortical GABAergic synapses.
Martens H, Weston MC, Boulland JL, Grønborg M, Grosche J, Kacza J, Hoffmann A, Matteoli M, Takamori S, Harkany T, Chaudhry FA, et al.
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience (2008) 2849: 13125-31. 131 103C3 ICC, UPTAKE; tested species: rat
Synaptic recruitment of gephyrin regulates surface GABAA receptor dynamics for the expression of inhibitory LTP.
Petrini EM, Ravasenga T, Hausrat TJ, Iurilli G, Olcese U, Racine V, Sibarita JB, Jacob TC, Moss SJ, Benfenati F, Medini P, et al.
Nature communications (2014) 5: 3921. 131 103C3 ICC, IHC; tested species: mouse
Spatial regulation of coordinated excitatory and inhibitory synaptic plasticity at dendritic synapses.
Ravasenga T, Ruben M, Regio V, Polenghi A, Petrini EM, Barberis A
Cell reports (2022) 386: 110347. 131 103C3 UPTAKE; tested species: mouse
Endogenous β-neurexins on axons and within synapses show regulated dynamic behavior.
Klatt O, Repetto D, Brockhaus J, Reissner C, El Khallouqi A, Rohlmann A, Heine M, Missler M
Cell reports (2021) 3511: 109266. 131 103C3 ICC, UPTAKE; tested species: mouse
Fast Regulation of GABAAR Diffusion Dynamics by Nogo-A Signaling.
Fricke S, Metzdorf K, Ohm M, Haak S, Heine M, Korte M, Zagrebelsky M
Cell reports (2019) 293: 671-684.e6. 131 103C3 UPTAKE; tested species: mouse
Vesicular glutamate transporter 1 orchestrates recruitment of other synaptic vesicle cargo proteins during synaptic vesicle recycling.
Pan PY, Marrs J, Ryan TA
The Journal of biological chemistry (2015) 29037: 22593-601. 131 103C3 UPTAKE
Unique luminal localization of VGAT-C terminus allows for selective labeling of active cortical GABAergic synapses.
Martens H, Weston MC, Boulland JL, Grønborg M, Grosche J, Kacza J, Hoffmann A, Matteoli M, Takamori S, Harkany T, Chaudhry FA, et al.
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience (2008) 2849: 13125-31. 131 103C3 ICC, UPTAKE; tested species: rat
Activity-Dependent Inhibitory Synapse Scaling Is Determined by Gephyrin Phosphorylation and Subsequent Regulation of GABAA Receptor Diffusion.
Battaglia S, Renner M, Russeau M, Côme E, Tyagarajan SK, Lévi S
eNeuro () 51: . 131 103C3 UPTAKE; tested species: rat
Background
The vesicular GABA transporter VGAT is responsible for uptake and storage of GABA and glycine by synaptic vesicles in the central nervous system. For this reason it is frequently referred to as the vesicular inhibitory aminoacid transporter VIAAT. It is different from the plasma membrane transporters in that it is driven by a proton electrochemical gradient across the vesicle membrane. So far, only one isoform is known. VGAT is currently the best marker for inhibitory nerve terminals.