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Home > Products > 198 104

GAD2 (GAD65) antibody - 198 104

GAD1 and 2 are involved in the synthesis of GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter
Guinea pig polyclonal antiserum
Cat. No.: 198 104
Amount: 100 µl
Price: $370.00
Cat. No. 198 104 100 µl antiserum, lyophilized. For reconstitution add 100 µl H2O, then aliquot and store at -20°C until use.
Antibodies should be stored at +4°C when still lyophilized. Do not freeze!
Applications
 
WB: 1 : 1000 (AP staining) (see remarks) gallery  
IP: yes
ICC: 1 : 500 up to 1 : 2000 gallery  
IHC: 1 : 500 gallery  
IHC-P: 1 : 300 gallery  
ExM: 1 : 1000

Western blot (WB); separation of proteins by PAGE and subsequent transfer to a membrane. Detection of target molecules is carried out with antibodies. Some antibodies require special sample preparation steps. For details, please refer to the “Remarks” section.

Immunoprecipitation (IP); Immunoisolation or pulldown of a target molecule using an antibody. For details and product specific hints, please refer to the ”Remarks” section.

Immunocytochemistry (ICC) on 4% PFA fixed cells. Immunoreactivity is usually revealed by fluorescence. Some antibodies require special fixation methods. For details, please refer to the “Remarks” section.

Immunohistochemistry (IHC) on 4% PFA perfusion fixed tissue with 24h PFA post fixation. Immunoreactivity is usually revealed by fluorescence or a chromogenic substrate. Some antibodies require special fixation methods or antigen retrieval steps. For details, please refer to the ”Remarks” section.

Immunohistochemistry (IHC-P) of formalin fixed, paraffin embedded (FFPE) tissue (some antibodies require special antigen retrieval steps, please refer to the ”Remarks” section). Immunoreactivity is usually revealed by fluorescence or a chromogenic substrate.

Expansion Microscopy (ExM) is a sample preparation and imaging method which employs a dense interconnected web of swellable polymer within a biological specimen. A significantly higher effective resolution can be achieved with a standard microscope setup. For additional experimental details, please refer to the Remarks section.
Immunogen Recombinant protein corresponding to AA 3 to 96 from mouse GAD2 (UniProt Id: P48320)
Reactivity Reacts with: human (Q99259), rat (P18088), mouse (P48318).
Other species not tested yet.
Specificity Specific for GAD 2 / GAD 65.
Matching control protein/peptide 198-1P
Remarks

WB: The Guinea pig antiserum is less sensitive than the rabbit antiserum (cat. no. 198 102).
Data sheet 198_104.pdf

References for GAD2 - 198 104

Nrg1 haploinsufficiency alters inhibitory cortical circuits.
Navarro-Gonzalez C, Carceller H, Benito Vicente M, Serra I, Navarrete M, Domínguez-Canterla Y, Rodríguez-Prieto Á, González-Manteiga A, Fazzari P
Neurobiology of disease (2021) 157: 105442. 198 104 WB, IHC; tested species: mouse
Neuronal Autophagy Regulates Presynaptic Neurotransmission by Controlling the Axonal Endoplasmic Reticulum.
Kuijpers M, Kochlamazashvili G, Stumpf A, Puchkov D, Swaminathan A, Lucht MT, Krause E, Maritzen T, Schmitz D, Haucke V
Neuron (2021) 1092: 299-313.e9. 198 104 ICC; tested species: mouse
Regulation of dendrite morphology and excitatory synapse formation by zDHHC15.
Shah BS, Shimell JJ, Bamji SX
Journal of cell science (2019) 13213: . 198 104 ICC; tested species: rat
The X-Linked Intellectual Disability Gene Zdhhc9 Is Essential for Dendrite Outgrowth and Inhibitory Synapse Formation.
Shimell JJ, Shah BS, Cain SM, Thouta S, Kuhlmann N, Tatarnikov I, Jovellar DB, Brigidi GS, Kass J, Milnerwood AJ, Snutch TP, et al.
Cell reports (2019) 298: 2422-2437.e8. 198 104 ICC; tested species: rat
Diazepam Accelerates GABAAR Synaptic Exchange and Alters Intracellular Trafficking.
Lorenz-Guertin JM, Bambino MJ, Das S, Weintraub ST, Jacob TC
Frontiers in cellular neuroscience (2019) 13: 163. 198 104 ICC; tested species: rat
Depolarizing, inhibitory GABA type A receptor activity regulates GABAergic synapse plasticity via ERK and BDNF signaling.
Brady ML, Pilli J, Lorenz-Guertin JM, Das S, Moon CE, Graff N, Jacob TC
Neuropharmacology (2018) 128: 324-339. 198 104 ICC; tested species: rat
Aberrant neuronal activity-induced signaling and gene expression in a mouse model of RASopathy.
Altmüller F, Pothula S, Annamneedi A, Nakhaei-Rad S, Montenegro-Venegas C, Pina-Fernández E, Marini C, Santos M, Schanze D, Montag D, Ahmadian MR, et al.
PLoS genetics (2017) 133: e1006684. 198 104 ICC
Plexin-B3 suppresses excitatory and promotes inhibitory synapse formation in rat hippocampal neurons.
Laht P, Tammaru E, Otsus M, Rohtla J, Tiismus L, Veske A
Experimental cell research (2015) 3352: 269-78. 198 104 ICC
Structure of excitatory synapses and GABAA receptor localization at inhibitory synapses are regulated by neuroplastin-65.
Herrera-Molina R, Sarto-Jackson I, Montenegro-Venegas C, Heine M, Smalla KH, Seidenbecher CI, Beesley PW, Gundelfinger ED, Montag D
The Journal of biological chemistry (2014) 28913: 8973-88. 198 104 ICC; tested species: mouse
Cerebrospinal fluid-contacting neuron tracing reveals structural and functional connectivity for locomotion in the mouse spinal cord.
Nakamura Y, Kurabe M, Matsumoto M, Sato T, Miyashita S, Hoshina K, Kamiya Y, Tainaka K, Matsuzawa H, Ohno N, Ueno M, et al.
eLife (2023) 12: . 198 104 IHC, ExM; tested species: mouse
Control of contextual memory through interneuronal α5-GABAA receptors.
Zhu M, Abdulzahir A, Perkins MG, Chu CC, Krause BM, Casey C, Lennertz R, Ruhl D, Hentschke H, Nagarajan R, Chapman ER, et al.
PNAS nexus (2023) 24: pgad065. 198 104 IHC; tested species: mouse
Nrg1 haploinsufficiency alters inhibitory cortical circuits.
Navarro-Gonzalez C, Carceller H, Benito Vicente M, Serra I, Navarrete M, Domínguez-Canterla Y, Rodríguez-Prieto Á, González-Manteiga A, Fazzari P
Neurobiology of disease (2021) 157: 105442. 198 104 WB, IHC; tested species: mouse
Optogenetic "low-theta" pacing of the septohippocampal circuit is sufficient for spatial goal finding and is influenced by behavioral state and cognitive demand.
Mouchati PR, Kloc ML, Holmes GL, White SL, Barry JM
Hippocampus (2020) 3011: 1167-1193. 198 104 IHC; tested species: rat
Assemblies of Perisomatic GABAergic Neurons in the Developing Barrel Cortex.
Modol L, Bollmann Y, Tressard T, Baude A, Che A, Duan ZRS, Babij R, De Marco García NV, Cossart R
Neuron (2020) 1051: 93-105.e4. 198 104 IHC; tested species: mouse
GABA bouton subpopulations in the human dentate gyrus are differentially altered in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy.
Alhourani A, Fish KN, Wozny TA, Sudhakar V, Hamilton RL, Richardson RM
Journal of neurophysiology (2020) 1231: 392-406. 198 104 IHC; tested species: human
Early Sociability and Social Memory Impairment in the A53T Mouse Model of Parkinson's Disease Are Ameliorated by Chemogenetic Modulation of Orexin Neuron Activity.
Stanojlovic M, Pallais Yllescas JP, Vijayakumar A, Kotz C
Molecular neurobiology (2019) : . 198 104 IHC; tested species: mouse
Lower glutamic acid decarboxylase 65-kDa isoform messenger RNA and protein levels in the prefrontal cortex in schizoaffective disorder but not schizophrenia.
Glausier JR, Kimoto S, Fish KN, Lewis DA
Biological psychiatry (2015) 772: 167-76. 198 104 IHC
Involvement of the cannabinoid CB1 receptor in modulation of dopamine output in the prefrontal cortex associated with food restriction in rats.
Dazzi L, Talani G, Biggio F, Utzeri C, Lallai V, Licheri V, Lutzu S, Mostallino MC, Secci PP, Biggio G, Sanna E, et al.
PloS one (2014) 93: e92224. 198 104 IHC
Expression pattern of Kv11 (Ether à-go-go-related gene; erg) K+ channels in the mouse retina.
Cordeiro S, Guseva D, Wulfsen I, Bauer CK
PloS one (2011) 612: e29490. 198 104 IHC; tested species: mouse
Characterization of Tissue Plasminogen Activator Expression and Trafficking in the Adult Murine Brain.
Stevenson TK, Lawrence DA
eNeuro () 54: . 198 104 IHC; tested species: mouse
Cerebrospinal fluid-contacting neuron tracing reveals structural and functional connectivity for locomotion in the mouse spinal cord.
Nakamura Y, Kurabe M, Matsumoto M, Sato T, Miyashita S, Hoshina K, Kamiya Y, Tainaka K, Matsuzawa H, Ohno N, Ueno M, et al.
eLife (2023) 12: . 198 104 IHC, ExM; tested species: mouse
Cat. No.: 198 104
Amount: 100 µl
Price: $370.00
Nrg1 haploinsufficiency alters inhibitory cortical circuits.
Navarro-Gonzalez C, Carceller H, Benito Vicente M, Serra I, Navarrete M, Domínguez-Canterla Y, Rodríguez-Prieto Á, González-Manteiga A, Fazzari P
Neurobiology of disease (2021) 157: 105442. 198 104 WB, IHC; tested species: mouse
Neuronal Autophagy Regulates Presynaptic Neurotransmission by Controlling the Axonal Endoplasmic Reticulum.
Kuijpers M, Kochlamazashvili G, Stumpf A, Puchkov D, Swaminathan A, Lucht MT, Krause E, Maritzen T, Schmitz D, Haucke V
Neuron (2021) 1092: 299-313.e9. 198 104 ICC; tested species: mouse
Regulation of dendrite morphology and excitatory synapse formation by zDHHC15.
Shah BS, Shimell JJ, Bamji SX
Journal of cell science (2019) 13213: . 198 104 ICC; tested species: rat
The X-Linked Intellectual Disability Gene Zdhhc9 Is Essential for Dendrite Outgrowth and Inhibitory Synapse Formation.
Shimell JJ, Shah BS, Cain SM, Thouta S, Kuhlmann N, Tatarnikov I, Jovellar DB, Brigidi GS, Kass J, Milnerwood AJ, Snutch TP, et al.
Cell reports (2019) 298: 2422-2437.e8. 198 104 ICC; tested species: rat
Diazepam Accelerates GABAAR Synaptic Exchange and Alters Intracellular Trafficking.
Lorenz-Guertin JM, Bambino MJ, Das S, Weintraub ST, Jacob TC
Frontiers in cellular neuroscience (2019) 13: 163. 198 104 ICC; tested species: rat
Depolarizing, inhibitory GABA type A receptor activity regulates GABAergic synapse plasticity via ERK and BDNF signaling.
Brady ML, Pilli J, Lorenz-Guertin JM, Das S, Moon CE, Graff N, Jacob TC
Neuropharmacology (2018) 128: 324-339. 198 104 ICC; tested species: rat
Aberrant neuronal activity-induced signaling and gene expression in a mouse model of RASopathy.
Altmüller F, Pothula S, Annamneedi A, Nakhaei-Rad S, Montenegro-Venegas C, Pina-Fernández E, Marini C, Santos M, Schanze D, Montag D, Ahmadian MR, et al.
PLoS genetics (2017) 133: e1006684. 198 104 ICC
Plexin-B3 suppresses excitatory and promotes inhibitory synapse formation in rat hippocampal neurons.
Laht P, Tammaru E, Otsus M, Rohtla J, Tiismus L, Veske A
Experimental cell research (2015) 3352: 269-78. 198 104 ICC
Structure of excitatory synapses and GABAA receptor localization at inhibitory synapses are regulated by neuroplastin-65.
Herrera-Molina R, Sarto-Jackson I, Montenegro-Venegas C, Heine M, Smalla KH, Seidenbecher CI, Beesley PW, Gundelfinger ED, Montag D
The Journal of biological chemistry (2014) 28913: 8973-88. 198 104 ICC; tested species: mouse
Cerebrospinal fluid-contacting neuron tracing reveals structural and functional connectivity for locomotion in the mouse spinal cord.
Nakamura Y, Kurabe M, Matsumoto M, Sato T, Miyashita S, Hoshina K, Kamiya Y, Tainaka K, Matsuzawa H, Ohno N, Ueno M, et al.
eLife (2023) 12: . 198 104 IHC, ExM; tested species: mouse
Control of contextual memory through interneuronal α5-GABAA receptors.
Zhu M, Abdulzahir A, Perkins MG, Chu CC, Krause BM, Casey C, Lennertz R, Ruhl D, Hentschke H, Nagarajan R, Chapman ER, et al.
PNAS nexus (2023) 24: pgad065. 198 104 IHC; tested species: mouse
Nrg1 haploinsufficiency alters inhibitory cortical circuits.
Navarro-Gonzalez C, Carceller H, Benito Vicente M, Serra I, Navarrete M, Domínguez-Canterla Y, Rodríguez-Prieto Á, González-Manteiga A, Fazzari P
Neurobiology of disease (2021) 157: 105442. 198 104 WB, IHC; tested species: mouse
Optogenetic "low-theta" pacing of the septohippocampal circuit is sufficient for spatial goal finding and is influenced by behavioral state and cognitive demand.
Mouchati PR, Kloc ML, Holmes GL, White SL, Barry JM
Hippocampus (2020) 3011: 1167-1193. 198 104 IHC; tested species: rat
Assemblies of Perisomatic GABAergic Neurons in the Developing Barrel Cortex.
Modol L, Bollmann Y, Tressard T, Baude A, Che A, Duan ZRS, Babij R, De Marco García NV, Cossart R
Neuron (2020) 1051: 93-105.e4. 198 104 IHC; tested species: mouse
GABA bouton subpopulations in the human dentate gyrus are differentially altered in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy.
Alhourani A, Fish KN, Wozny TA, Sudhakar V, Hamilton RL, Richardson RM
Journal of neurophysiology (2020) 1231: 392-406. 198 104 IHC; tested species: human
Early Sociability and Social Memory Impairment in the A53T Mouse Model of Parkinson's Disease Are Ameliorated by Chemogenetic Modulation of Orexin Neuron Activity.
Stanojlovic M, Pallais Yllescas JP, Vijayakumar A, Kotz C
Molecular neurobiology (2019) : . 198 104 IHC; tested species: mouse
Lower glutamic acid decarboxylase 65-kDa isoform messenger RNA and protein levels in the prefrontal cortex in schizoaffective disorder but not schizophrenia.
Glausier JR, Kimoto S, Fish KN, Lewis DA
Biological psychiatry (2015) 772: 167-76. 198 104 IHC
Involvement of the cannabinoid CB1 receptor in modulation of dopamine output in the prefrontal cortex associated with food restriction in rats.
Dazzi L, Talani G, Biggio F, Utzeri C, Lallai V, Licheri V, Lutzu S, Mostallino MC, Secci PP, Biggio G, Sanna E, et al.
PloS one (2014) 93: e92224. 198 104 IHC
Expression pattern of Kv11 (Ether à-go-go-related gene; erg) K+ channels in the mouse retina.
Cordeiro S, Guseva D, Wulfsen I, Bauer CK
PloS one (2011) 612: e29490. 198 104 IHC; tested species: mouse
Characterization of Tissue Plasminogen Activator Expression and Trafficking in the Adult Murine Brain.
Stevenson TK, Lawrence DA
eNeuro () 54: . 198 104 IHC; tested species: mouse
Cerebrospinal fluid-contacting neuron tracing reveals structural and functional connectivity for locomotion in the mouse spinal cord.
Nakamura Y, Kurabe M, Matsumoto M, Sato T, Miyashita S, Hoshina K, Kamiya Y, Tainaka K, Matsuzawa H, Ohno N, Ueno M, et al.
eLife (2023) 12: . 198 104 IHC, ExM; tested species: mouse
WB
ICC
IHC
IHC-P
Background

The glutamic acid decarboxylases GAD 2, also referred to as GAD 65, and GAD 1 / GAD 67 synthesize γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. The hydrophilic GAD 1 can heterodimerize with the membrane achored GAD 2 and part of GAD 1 is targeted to inhibitory nerve terminals by this mechanisms. Although both proteins exhibit significant differences in their N-terminus they share high homology in the rest of the molecule.
GADs are a widely used markers for the GABAergic system. In type 1 diabetes GAD 1 has been identified as a major autoantigen.
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