Synaptic Systems - GFAP sdAb

GFAP sdAb - FluoTag-X2 - N3802-AF568-L

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Camelid single domain antibodies (sdAbs) consist only of one antigen binding site of an Alpaca heavy chain antibody. With only ~15 kDa, these Tags are about 10-times smaller than conventional IgG antibody molecules.

Camelid single domain antibody

Background

Glial fibrillary acidic protein GFAP is a glial-specific member of the intermediate filament protein family. This group comprises celltype-specific filamentous proteins with similar structure and function as scaffold for cytoskeleton assembly and maintenance.
Frequently, neural stem cells also express GFAP. In addition many types of brain tumors, probably derived from astrocytic cells, heavily express GFAP. This protein is also found in the lens epithelium, Kupffer cells of the liver, in some cells in salivary tumors and others.
Point-mutations in the GFAP gene have been correlated to Alexander disease a fatal leukoencephalopathy that leads to the dysmyelination or demyelination of the central nervous system.

Unlabeled variants and several modifications of sdAbs like biotin, fluorophore or DBCO conjugation are available.

In FluoTag®-X2 two fluorophore molecules are site-specifically coupled to each FluoTag molecule. Therefore, the reagent simultaneously targets two fluorophores to the protein of interest, which ensures up to two-fold („2X“)-brighter signals. Owing to the small size of the FluoTags, the distance between the target epitope and each fluorophore is ~ 3 nm.
In comparison to detection systems using conventional antibodies, FluoTag-X can thus improve the localization accuracy by 10-15 nm. Both features - superior brightness and precise fluorophore placement - render the FluoTag-X products excellent tools for all microscopy techniques.

1 ) Triolo D et al., J. Cell. Sci. (2006)
2 ) Shiihara T et al., J. Neurol. Sci. (2004)
3 ) Eng LF et al., Neurochem. Res. (2000)
4 ) Dyer CA et al., J. Neurosci. Res. (2000)
5 ) Valentino KL et al., Brain Res. (1983)
6 ) Palfreyman JW et al., J. Neurol. Sci. (1979)

Cat. No. N3802-AF568-L	200 µl purified antibody, lyophilized from PBS, fluorescence-labeled with AZdye 568. Albumin was added for stabilization. For reconstitution add 200 µl H₂O. Either add 1:1 (v/v) glycerol, then aliquot and store at -20°C until use, or store aliquots at -80°C without additives. Reconstitute immediately upon receipt! Avoid bright light when working with the antibody to minimize photo bleeching of the fluorescent dye.
Applications	ICC: yes IHC: yes
Label	AZdye 568, two fluorophores coupled to one FluoTag
Clone	1D12
Immunogen	Recombinant protein corresponding to AA 1 to 432 from human GFAP (UniProt Id: P14136)
Specificity	Recognizes all isotypes from mouse and rat GFAP. Other species not tested
Matching control protein/peptide	173-0P